Image Credits

Many DoctorMCAT flashcards use openly licensed images from Wikimedia Commons, OpenStax and the NIH. Each is used unmodified under the licence shown. Images under CC BY-SA remain under that licence.

"Colored Waiting Room" sign, 1943 (Library of Congress) by Esther Bubley (Office of War Information), Public domain
¹³C NMR spectrum of ethanal by Chris Evans, CC0
¹³C NMR spectrum of ethanol (proton-decoupled) by Andel, CC0
1H NMR spectrum of ethanol in D2O by Andel, CC0
¹H NMR spectrum of methyl benzoate by Xavier1191, CC0
5′ cap structure of mRNA by Naturwiki, CC BY-SA 4.0
A structural-functionalist understanding of deviance by Rcragun, CC BY-SA 3.0
Aberle's typology of social movements by Ryan Cragun, Public domain
ABO blood group codominance by GYassineMrabet, Public domain
ABO blood groups: codominance of A and B alleles by GYassineMrabet, Public domain
Absorbance spectra of NAD+ and NADH by Cronholm144, Public Domain
Absorption and emission spectra by NASA, ESA, Leah Hustak (STScI), Public domain
Accommodation of the eye by OldakQuill; vector by Zirguezi, Public domain
Accuracy vs precision dartboards by Arbeck, CC BY 4.0
Acetal protecting group example by DMacks, CC BY-SA 3.0
Acetic acid titrated with NaOH, with indicator ranges by すじにくシチュー, Johannes Kalliauer, CC0
Acetic acid-acetate buffer by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase reaction by Rkott, CC BY-SA 4.0
Acetylacetonate (1,3-diketone enolate) anion by Wostr, Public domain
Acid hydrolysis of a nitrile to a carboxylic acid by Benjah-bmm27, Public Domain
Acid hydrolysis of a nitrile to a carboxylic acid by Benjah-bmm27, Public Domain
Acid-base indicator colour-change ranges by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Acid–base extraction of acidic, basic and neutral compounds by Jlt156, CC BY-SA 4.0
Acquisition, extinction and spontaneous recovery (Figure 6.7) by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
Acromegaly facial features by Philippe Chanson and Sylvie Salenave, CC BY 2.0
Action potential by Chris 73, Diberri, tiZom, CC BY-SA 3.0
Actions of ADH (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Actions of the major digestive hormones by Tekks, CC BY-SA 3.0
Activation energy with and without a catalyst by Jerry Crimson Mann, Tutmosis and others, CC BY-SA 3.0
Activation energy with and without a catalyst (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Activation of PKA by cAMP by Rigney12, Public Domain
Activation of PKA by cAMP by Rigney12, Public Domain
Addition polymerization of ethylene by V8rik, CC BY-SA 3.0
Adenine–thymine base pair by Yikrazuul, Public domain
Adenylyl cyclase converts ATP to cAMP (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Adenylyl cyclase converts ATP to cAMP (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Adherens junction structure by Mariana Ruiz LadyofHats, Public domain
Adiabatic process in a p-V diagram by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Adiabatic process on a P–V diagram by Stannered, CC BY-SA 3.0
Adipocyte types: white, pink, beige and brown by Corrêa L.H., Heyn G.S., Magalhaes K.G., CC BY 4.0
Adrenal gland histology, labelled zones by Jpogi, CC0
Afferent and efferent neurons by Helixitta, CC BY-SA 4.0
Agonist and antagonist drugs at a receptor by Dolleyj, CC BY-SA 3.0
Agonist, partial agonist, antagonist and inverse agonist curves by Boghog, CC BY-SA 4.0
Air velocity and pressure along a closed-open pipe by Yshi music, CC BY-SA 3.0
ALA synthesis from succinyl-CoA and glycine by Jorge Stolfi, CC BY-SA 4.0
Alcohol dehydrogenase reaction by Hbf878, CC0
Alcohol fermentation reactions (OpenStax Microbiology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Alcohol from a ketone via a Grignard reagent by Pete Davis, Public Domain
Alcohol from a ketone via a Grignard reagent by Pete Davis, Public Domain
Aldol reaction overview (enol and enolate routes) by Omegakent, CC BY 3.0
Alkyl radical stability by substitution by Reederob, CC BY-SA 4.0
Allosteric inhibition and activation (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Allowed and forbidden standing waves by CK-12 Foundation, CC BY-SA 3.0
Alpha decay by Inductiveload, Public domain
Alpha decay of radium-226 by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Alpha decay of radium-226 by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Alpha helix and beta-pleated sheet (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Alternative splicing (NHGRI) by National Human Genome Research Institute, Public Domain
Alternative splicing (NHGRI) by National Human Genome Research Institute, Public domain
Amide resonance by Innerstream, Public domain
Amide resonance by Innerstream, Public domain
Amide resonance structures by Innerstream, Public Domain
Amide resonance structures by Innerstream, Public Domain
Amino acid catabolism: glucogenic and ketogenic entry points by Mikael Häggström, CC0
Amino acid neutral form and zwitterion by TimVickers, vector version by YassineMrabet, CC BY 3.0
Amino acid neutral form and zwitterion by Jü, Public Domain
Amino acids grouped by R-group class (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Ammonia and Ag+ as Lewis base and Lewis acid (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Ammonia geometry with bond angle by D. Ilyin (vectorization of Ben Mills' original), Public domain
Ammonia-boron trifluoride adduct by Ben Mills, Public domain
Amphetamine mechanism of action at a dopamine terminal by Ring0, CC BY-SA 3.0
Amygdala highlighted in a translucent brain (anterior view) by Life Science Databases (LSDB), CC BY-SA 2.1 JP
Amygdala location on coronal MRI by Amber Rieder, Jenna Traynor, Geoffrey B Hall, CC0
Amygdala location on coronal MRI by Amber Rieder, Jenna Traynor, Geoffrey B Hall, CC0
Amylopectin branch point by NEUROtiker, Public domain
Anaphase in the cell cycle by LadyofHats, Public domain
Anatomy of a long bone (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Anatomy of the human ear by Lars Chittka; Axel Brockmann, CC BY 2.5
Anatomy of the human ear with cochlear frequency mapping by Inductiveload, CC BY-SA 2.5
Anatomy of the testis (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Aneroid sphygmomanometer by Confidence24, CC BY-SA 4.0
Aneroid sphygmomanometer by Confidence24, CC BY-SA 4.0
Angle from arc length and radius by jjbeard, Public domain
Angular body movements by Tonye Ogele CNX, CC BY-SA 3.0
Animal cell cycle by Kelvinsong, CC0
Animal mitochondrion diagram by Mariana Ruiz Villarreal (LadyofHats), Public Domain
Anodic and cathodic sites in rusting iron by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Anterior pituitary complex and hypophyseal portal system (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Antibiotic resistance by natural selection by Wykis, Public domain
Antibody domain structure by Dan1gia2, CC BY-SA 3.0
Antibody gene rearrangement and structure (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Antibody heavy and light chains by Fred the Oyster, Public domain
Antigen presentation by MHC class I by Graham Colm, CC BY-SA 3.0
Antigen presentation on MHC II by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Antiparallel and parallel current-carrying wires by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Aquaporin insertion in the collecting tubule (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Aquaporin water channel (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Aquaporins in the collecting tubule (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Arachidonic acid by Yikrazuul, Public Domain
Archaeal vs bacterial/eukaryotic membrane lipids by Franciscosp2, Public Domain
Archimedes' principle experiment by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Archimedes' principle experiment by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Archimedes' principle: displaced fluid by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Arcuate fasciculus tractography (Catani et al.) by Marco Catani, Flavio Dell'Acqua, Sanja Budisavljevic et al., CC BY 4.0
Aromatase converts testosterone to estradiol by Boghog2, Public domain
Arousal and performance on simple vs difficult tasks (Yerkes–Dodson) by Diamond DM et al. (2007), Neural Plasticity (after Yerkes & Dodson 1908), CC0
Asch conformity experiment line cards by Fred the Oyster, CC BY-SA 4.0
Asch line-judgment stimulus card by Daniel Göhler, CC BY-SA 3.0
Asch's line-judgment task (Figure 12.17) by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
Atherosclerosis (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Atkinson–Shiffrin multi-store model of memory by Vedant9696, CC BY-SA 4.0
Atomic radius trends by Francois~frwiki, CC BY-SA 4.0
ATP synthase: Fo rotor and F1 head by TheBartgry, CC BY-SA 4.0
Atwood machine by Demestotenes, CC BY-SA 3.0
Atwood machine (simple diagram) by Indolences, Public domain
Autonomic pre- and postganglionic neurotransmitters by Daniel Walsh and Alan Sved, CC BY-SA 4.0
Autosomal dominant inheritance by Domaina, CC BY-SA 3.0
Autosomal dominant inheritance by Domaina, CC BY-SA 3.0
Autosomal dominant pedigree by Storyminusthes, CC BY-SA 4.0
Autosomal dominant Punnett square (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Autosomal recessive inheritance by Domaina, Kashmiri and SUM1, CC BY-SA 3.0
Autosomal recessive inheritance by Domaina, Kashmiri and SUM1, CC BY-SA 3.0
Autosomal recessive pedigree by Jerome Walker, CC BY 2.5
Average acceleration on a v–t graph by Faulty fractal, CC BY 4.0
Average velocity on a position–time graph by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Average vs instantaneous velocity on an x–t graph by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Axial and appendicular skeleton (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Bacterial chromosome and plasmids by Spaully, CC BY-SA 2.5
Bacterial conjugation by Adenosine, CC BY-SA 3.0
Bacterial conjugation via the F pilus (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Bacterial growth curve by Michał Komorniczak, CC BY-SA 3.0
Bacterial growth curve phases (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Bacterial morphology by Mariana Ruiz Villarreal (LadyofHats), Public Domain
Bacterial runs and tumbles (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Bacterial translation initiation by Fdardel, CC BY-SA 4.0
Bacteriophage T4 structure by Adenosine; redrawn by Pbroks13, CC BY-SA 2.5
Bacteriophage T4, adenovirus and HIV structure (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Baddeley and Hitch working memory model by UX Stalin, CC BY-SA 4.0
Baddeley's model of working memory by Mirek2, CC0
Baddeley's working memory model by Andykitchen, CC BY 3.0
Balanced seesaw by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Bandura's reciprocal determinism (Figure 11.10) by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
Banked turn: forces on a vehicle by Fred the Oyster (creator), Abdullah AL Shohag (modifier), CC BY-SA 4.0
Bare silica vs C18 (ODS) bonded silica by Smokefoot, Public domain
Barium sulfate contrast X-ray by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Baroreceptor reflex (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Basal forebrain cholinergic projections by Andreas Raether, CC BY-SA 4.0
Basal forebrain nuclei and their projections by Andreas Raether, CC BY-SA 4.0
Basal ganglia (Blausen 0076) by BruceBlaus, CC BY 3.0
Basal ganglia (Blausen Medical) by BruceBlaus (Blausen.com staff), CC BY 3.0
Basal ganglia (lateral view) by Badseed, after Leevanjackson and John Henkel, Public domain
Base rate fallacy (vaccination example) by Marc Rumilly; vectorization by Mrmw, CC BY 4.0
Base-catalysed aldol addition and condensation by Pillsmarch, CC BY 4.0
Base-catalysed aldol addition mechanism by Mfomich, CC0
Base-catalysed aldol addition mechanism by Mfomich, CC0
Base-catalysed aldol reaction and dehydration by Walkerma, Public Domain
Base-catalysed transesterification mechanism by Rifleman 82, Public Domain
Basement membrane zones beneath an epithelium by Radzki, D.; Negri, A.; Kusiak, A.; Obuchowski, M., CC BY 4.0
Battery EMF and internal resistance by Steven Legg (Sjlegg), Public domain
Battery with internal resistance by Spinningspark, CC BY-SA 3.0
Beating of two waves by Adjwilley, CC BY-SA 3.0
Beats from two waves of slightly different frequency (OpenStax University Physics) by OpenStax University Physics, CC BY 4.0
Benzene (Kekulé structure) by Laurent Mazouin, Public domain
Benzene p orbitals and delocalised π system by Vladsinger, CC BY-SA 3.0
Benzoic acid via a Grignard reagent and CO₂ by Dr. Ian Hunt, University of Calgary, Public Domain
Bernoulli's equation: pipe of varying area and height by MannyMax, CC BY-SA 3.0
Berry's acculturation strategies (extended model) by John W. Berry, CC BY-SA 4.0
Beta-lactam antibiotic structures (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Beta-minus decay by Inductiveload, Public domain
Beta-plus decay by Master-m1000, Public domain
Bicarbonate reclamation by the proximal tubule (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Biceps and triceps by Pearson Scott Foresman, Public domain
Biceps and triceps: origin, insertion, antagonists by Sunshineconnelly (English Wikibooks), CC BY 3.0
Biconvex lens forming a real image by Олюсь, Public domain
Binary fission by JWSchmidt, vectorized by JTojnar, CC BY 3.0
Binding of lipid-soluble hormones (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Binding of lipid-soluble hormones (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Binding of water-soluble hormones (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Binding of water-soluble hormones (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Biosynthesis of serotonin from tryptophan by NEUROtiker, Public Domain
Biotin structure by Mysid, Public Domain
Births and deaths per year, Japan (with UN projections) by Our World in Data, CC BY 4.0
Black-body radiation curves at 3000, 4000 and 5000 K by Darth Kule, Public domain
Blastocyst at implantation by Seans Potato Business, CC BY-SA 3.0
Blastocyst implanting into the endometrium (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Blastocyst: trophoblast and inner cell mass by Seans Potato Business, CC BY-SA 3.0
Block on a ramp and its free-body diagram by Krishnavedala, CC0
Block on an incline connected to a hanging mass over a pulley by Brina Schenk with UBC and Douglas College, CC BY 4.0
Block resting on a horizontal surface: weight and normal force by Mog_peso.jpg: Algarabia derivative work: kismalac, Public domain
Blood pressure and velocity along the vessels (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Blood pressure measurement principle by Cmglee, CC BY-SA 4.0
Blood vessel diameter, area, pressure and flow velocity by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Blood–brain barrier (NIH BioArt 688) by NIH NIAID (Ryan Kissinger), NIH BioArt, Public Domain
Blue-white screening plate by Stefan Walkowski, CC BY-SA 4.0
Blue–white screening plate by Stefan Walkowski, CC BY-SA 4.0
Boiling point vs molar mass for organic compound classes by Jpta, CC BY-SA 3.0
Boiling point vs molar mass for organic compound classes by Jpta, CC BY-SA 3.0
Boiling points of straight-chain alkanes (C1–C19) by AgnesLager (vectorized by Д.Ильин), CC0
Bomb calorimeter (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Bomb calorimeter (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Bonding and antibonding orbitals of H₂ by Benjah-bmm27, Public domain
Bone cells (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Bone cells (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Book on a table: weight and normal force by 老陳, CC BY-SA 3.0
Bouncing ball, stroboscopic photo by MichaelMaggs Edit by Richard Bartz, CC BY-SA 3.0
Boyle's law pressure–volume curve by Krishnavedala, CC BY-SA 3.0
Bradford assay BSA standards by Phaeton68, CC BY-SA 3.0
Bradford assay test tubes by Pdcook, CC BY-SA 3.0
Brain anatomy, sagittal (Blausen) by BruceBlaus, CC BY-SA 4.0
Brain regions involved in memory formation (NIH) by National Institutes of Health, Public Domain
Broca's and Wernicke's areas (left side view) by UX Stalin (after NIH publication 97-4257), CC BY-SA 4.0
Broca's and Wernicke's areas (OpenStax) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Broca's and Wernicke's areas linked by a fibre tract (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Broca's and Wernicke's areas, left hemisphere by NIDCD / National Institutes of Health, Public Domain
Buoyant force equals weight of displaced fluid by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Butane conformations and relative energies by Keministi, CC0
Buzzer in a bell jar vacuum experiment by PhysicsEtc, CC0
Buzzer in an evacuated bell jar by PhysicsEtc, CC0
Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority diagram by JSpudeman (English Wikipedia), CC BY-SA 3.0
Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority example by Calvero, Public domain
Calcium homeostasis (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Calculating the retention factor (Rf) on a TLC plate by Valle de Aves, CC0
cAMP hydrolysis by cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase by BiochemistryJoy, CC0
Cannon–Bard theory of emotion by Lrcampbell, CC BY-SA 4.0
CAP and cAMP at the lac promoter (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Capacitor voltage while charging in an RC circuit by Ktims, Public domain
Capacitors connected in parallel by Omegatron, CC BY-SA 3.0
Capacitors in parallel by Omegatron, CC BY-SA 3.0
Capillary exchange (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Capillary rise of water and depression of mercury by MesserWoland, CC BY-SA 2.5
Capillary rise vs tube diameter by Hermann Luyken, CC0
Capillary types and endothelium (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 4.0
Carbocation attack giving a racemic product by Pillsmarch, CC BY 4.0
Carbocation rearrangement (1,2-methyl shift) by FlyScienceGuy, CC BY-SA 4.0
Carbocation stability trend by Alatleephillips, CC BY-SA 4.0
Carbocation stability trend by Alatleephillips, CC BY-SA 4.0
Carbohydrate digestion (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Carbohydrate digestion (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Carbon sp2 hybrid orbitals by Ponor, CC BY-SA 4.0
Carbonate ion resonance structures by Ben Mills, Public domain
Carbonic acid–bicarbonate buffer system (BruceBlaus) by BruceBlaus, CC BY-SA 4.0
Carbonic anhydrase II catalytic cycle at the zinc ion by Synpath, CC0
Carbonyl group resonance by Mfomich, CC0
Carboxylate anion resonance structures by Ben Mills, Public Domain
Carboxylate resonance by Ben Mills, Public Domain
Carboxylate resonance structures by Hbf878, CC0
Carboxylic acid anhydride general structure by Bebelher, Public Domain
Carboxylic acid hydrogen-bonded dimer by Panoramix303, Public Domain
Carboxylic acid hydrogen-bonded dimer by Panoramix303, Public Domain
Carboxylic acid to acyl chloride with SOCl2 by Minihaa, CC0
Cardiac conduction system (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Cardiac cycle vs electrocardiogram (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Cardiac muscle (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Cardiac muscle action potential (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Cardiac muscle tissue by OpenStax CNX, CC BY 3.0
Cardiac muscle with intercalated discs (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Cardiac ventricular myocyte action potential by Alan Sved, CC BY-SA 4.0
Carnitine shuttle by Slagt (original image); vector version by a Wikimedia Commons contributor, CC0
Carnitine shuttle: acyl-CoA into the mitochondrial matrix by Xvazquez, CC BY-SA 4.0
Carnot cycle in the p-V diagram by Derkleinebauer, Public domain
Carnot cycle P–V diagram by Keta, Public domain
Cartilaginous joints (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Catalyzed vs uncatalyzed reaction pathway (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Catecholamine biosynthesis by NEUROtiker, Public Domain
Catecholamine synthesis in an adrenal chromaffin cell by Berends A.M.A., Eisenhofer G., Fishbein L., et al. (Cancers 2019, 11(8):1121), CC BY 4.0
Cathodic protection with a sacrificial anode by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Cell cycle with cyclins and checkpoints (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Cell cycle: interphase and mitotic phase (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Cell types of the pancreatic islet by Carroll, J.; Chen, J.; Mittal, R.; Lemos, J.R.N.; Mittal, M.; Juneja, S.; Assayed, A.; Hirani, K., CC BY 4.0
Cellulose repeating unit by NEUROtiker, Public domain
Central and peripheral nervous system (OpenStax) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Central dogma information flow by Narayanese, Public domain
Central vs. peripheral routes of persuasion (Figure 12.15) by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
Centriole pair with microtubule triplets by Kelvinsong, CC BY 3.0
Centripetal force in circular motion by Booyabazooka; translation: Manlleus, CC BY-SA 3.0
Centrosome by explorebiology, CC BY 4.0
Ceramide by NEUROtiker, Public Domain
Ceramide and the cerebrosides galactosylceramide and glucosylceramide by Waffeln, CC BY-SA 4.0
Charged balloon attracting hair by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Charged particle circling in a uniform magnetic field (OpenStax College Physics) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Charged particles deflected by a magnetic field by Jaro.p, CC BY-SA 3.0
Charging a tRNA with aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase by Boumphreyfr, CC BY-SA 3.0
Charles's law volume–temperature graph by Physchim62, CC BY-SA 3.0
Chemical synapse (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax (Young, Wise, DeSaix et al.), CC BY 4.0
Chimeric mouse with pups by NIMH Transgenic Core Facility, Public domain
Chiral center by Innerstream, Public domain
Chitin by Dschanz, Public domain
Chitin structure by Dschanz, Public Domain
Chlorine, bromine and iodine at room temperature by W. Oelen, CC BY-SA 3.0
Cholesterol vs ergosterol (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Cholesterol with carbon numbering by Calvero, Public domain
Chromatic aberration diagram by Bob Mellish, CC BY-SA 3.0
Chromosomal translocation 4;20 (NHGRI) by National Human Genome Research Institute, Public domain
Chylomicron structure (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Cilium and its basal body by Yanardag S, Pugacheva EN (Cells 2021), CC BY 4.0
Circuit with ammeter in series and voltmeter in parallel by Sjlegg, Public domain
Circular mitochondrial DNA (NHGRI) by National Human Genome Research Institute, Public Domain
Circumplex model of emotion by mrAnmol, CC BY-SA 4.0
Citrate synthase reaction: oxaloacetate + acetyl-CoA to citrate by Hbf878, CC BY-SA 4.0
Citric acid cycle by Theislikerice, CC BY-SA 4.0
Citric acid cycle summary (OpenStax Microbiology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Citric acid cycle with enzymes by Narayanese, WikiUserPedia, YassineMrabet, TotoBaggins, CC BY-SA 3.0
Citric acid cycle with structures (OpenStax Biology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Claisen condensation mechanism by Krishnavedala, Public Domain
Claisen condensation overall reaction by Innerstream, Public Domain
Classes of levers: pliers and wheelbarrow by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Classification of alcohols by DrTOsborne, CC BY 4.0
Classification of alcohols by DrTOsborne, CC BY 4.0
Classification of amines by DrTOsborne, CC BY 4.0
Classification of isomers by Vladsinger, CC BY-SA 3.0
Clemmensen reduction scheme by Roland Mattern, Public Domain
Clonal selection of B cells (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Clonal selection of B cells (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Co-60 decay: constant half-life by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Co-immunoprecipitation steps by Dtabb73, CC0
Co-immunoprecipitation steps by Dtabb73, CC0
CO₂ leaving an opened carbonated drink (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
CO2 unloading in the lung capillary (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
CO2 unloading in the lung capillary (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Coagulation cascade by Joe D, CC BY-SA 3.0
Coagulation cascade and anticoagulant targets by SteveKong3, CC BY-SA 4.0
Cocaine blocking monoamine reuptake transporters by Roque Bravo R, Faria AC, Brito-da-Costa AM, Carmo H, Mladěnka P, Dias da Silva D, CC BY 4.0
Cocaine blocks SERT, DAT and NAT reuptake transporters by Roque Bravo R, Faria AC, Brito-da-Costa AM, Carmo H, Mladěnka P, Dias da Silva D, CC BY 4.0
Cochlea cross-section by Oarih; vector by Fred the Oyster, CC BY-SA 3.0
Codon wheel by Mouagip, Public Domain
Codon wheel (genetic code) by Mouagip, Public domain
Coefficient of relatedness among relatives by Citynoise, CC BY-SA 4.0
Coenzyme A structure by Innerstream, Public Domain
Coffee-cup calorimeter by Community College Consortium for Bioscience Credentials, CC BY 3.0
Coffee-cup calorimeter by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Coffee-cup calorimeter (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Cognitive dissonance by Tesseract2, CC BY-SA 3.0
Cohen's d: overlap of two distributions at increasing effect sizes by Skbkekas, CC BY-SA 3.0
Column chromatography separating three compounds by Wjwu, CC BY-SA 3.0
Common ortho/para-directing substituents by Sesamehoneytart, CC0
Common ortho/para-directing substituents by Sesamehoneytart, CC0
Communicating vessels by Zeichner: Bd, Public domain
Compact bone (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Compact bone osteon with osteocytes by RWhitwam, CC BY-SA 4.0
Comparison of mean, median and mode by Cmglee, CC BY-SA 3.0
Complement cascade (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Complex III of the electron transport chain by Naturwiki (after Klaus Hoffmeier), CC0
Complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase) by Fvasconcellos (after TimVickers), Public domain
Complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase) electron transport by Fvasconcellos (after TimVickers), Public domain
Complexation of silver chloride with ammonia by ChemSim, Public domain
Compressions and rarefactions in a sound wave by School Science Shed, CC BY 4.0
Concave (parabolic) mirror focusing parallel rays by Theresa Knott, CC BY-SA 4.0
Concave and convex menisci by Jleedev (original PNG); derivative work: Rehua, CC BY-SA 3.0
Concave and convex mirrors with parallel rays by Episcophagus, CC BY-SA 4.0
Concave mirror by Cronholm144, CC BY-SA 3.0
Concave mirror principal rays by JulioNather at Portuguese Wikipedia, Public domain
Concave mirror ray diagram by Maxmath12, CC0
Concave mirror with the object at the centre of curvature by Marcelo Reis; SVG version by Indolences, CC BY-SA 3.0
Concave mirror, object between C and F by AnyFile, CC BY-SA 3.0
Concave mirror, object between F and the mirror by Junaidpv (Original author Marcelo Reis), CC BY-SA 3.0
Concave mirror, object beyond C by AnyFile, CC BY-SA 3.0
Condensation polymerization of nylon 6,6 by MaChe, Public Domain
Conduction system of the heart (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Cone spectral sensitivities by BenRG, Public Domain
Confounder versus mediator causal diagrams by Cmglee, CC BY-SA 4.0
Conical pendulum by CosineKitty, Public domain
Conjugate acid-base pairs: water and ammonia (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Connected vessels of different shapes by Zeichner: Bd, Public domain
Connections of the parasympathetic nervous system (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Conservation of liquid demonstration by Waterlily16, CC BY-SA 3.0
Constituents of the blood–brain barrier by Uemura MT, Maki T, Ihara M, Lee VMY, Trojanowski JQ, CC BY 4.0
Continuity equation in a narrowing pipe by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Continuity equation in the heart (CardioNetworks ECHOpedia) by CardioNetworks: Drj, CC BY-SA 3.0
Control of acetyl-CoA carboxylase by AMPK phosphorylation by Alnokta (corrected by Jimhsu77479), Public domain
Control of glycogen phosphorylase by C. Muessig, CC BY-SA 3.0
Convection cells in a fluid heated from below by Theresa Knott (original), Joanjoc, McSush (derivative), CC BY-SA 3.0
Conventional current vs electron flow by User:Flekstro, CC BY 3.0
Conventional current vs electron flow by Flekstro, CC BY 3.0
Converging lens with object inside the focal point by User:Durova, User:DrBob, CC BY-SA 3.0
Converging lens with the object at its focal point by Kvr.lohith, CC BY-SA 4.0
Converging lens, virtual image by DrBob at English Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0
Converting an alcohol to a tosylate leaving group by Pillsmarch, CC BY 4.0
Convex lens: object between F and 2F by Kvr.lohith, CC BY-SA 4.0
Convex mirror on York Road roundabout subway by Rod Allday, CC BY-SA 2.0
Convex traffic mirror by Neil Theasby, CC BY-SA 2.0
Coomassie blue stained protein gel by GrahamColm, CC BY-SA 3.0
Copper electroplating by Torsten Henning (Multilingual Perhelion), Public domain
Copper(II) hydroxide precipitate by Alvy16, CC BY 4.0
Copper(II) sulfide precipitate by Dr.T, CC BY-SA 3.0
Cori and glucose-alanine cycles by Friend of a friend; derivative by wrekodara, CC BY-SA 3.0
Cori cycle by Petaholmes, PDH, Eyal Bairey, CC BY-SA 3.0
Corpus callosum, midsagittal section (Gray's Anatomy) by Henry Vandyke Carter, Public domain
Corrosion of iron by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Coulomb's law by User:Dna-Dennis, CC BY 3.0
Coulomb's law by Dna-Dennis, CC BY 3.0
Coulson–Moffitt bent-bond model of cyclopropane by V8rik (original); Д.Ильин (vector), CC0
Countercurrent multiplier in the loop of Henle (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
CRISPR-Cas9 with guide RNA by Marius Walter, CC BY-SA 4.0
CRISPR–Cas9 editing: NHEJ vs HDR by Mjeltsch, CC BY-SA 4.0
Critical angle measurement by PhysicsEtc, CC0
Cross-bridge cycle by Daniel Walsh and Alan Sved, CC BY-SA 4.0
Cross-bridge cycle (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Cross-section of a eukaryotic flagellum (9+2 axoneme) by Smartse, CC BY-SA 3.0
Crossed keys (law of continuity) by Brennanyoung, Public domain
Crossover between homologous chromosomes (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Crossover between nonsister chromatids (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Cu(II) with two methylamines vs one ethylenediamine by Nothingserious, Public domain
Cumulative response records for the four reinforcement schedules by Janarius (English Wikipedia), Public domain
Current divider by Brews ohare, SVG by Jxjl, CC BY-SA 4.0
Cyanohydrin formation by Anagkai, Public Domain
Cyclin concentrations through the cell cycle (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Cyclin expression cycle (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Cyclohexane conformations and energies by Keministi, Public domain
Cyclohexane ring flip by Keministi, CC0
Cytokinesis in animal vs plant cells (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Cytosine and 5-methylcytosine by User:Innerstream, Public domain
Cytotoxic T cell killing pathways by סתו כסלו, CC BY-SA 4.0
D-glucose and D-galactose (C-4 epimers) by GreyAvocado, CC BY-SA 4.0
D-glucose and L-glucose (Fischer projections) by NEUROtiker, Public domain
D-glucose vs D-fructose (Fischer projections) by Jü, Public domain
Dalton's law of partial pressures by BlyumJ (original); vectorization: Д.Ильин, CC0
Damped oscillation by Jahobr, Public Domain
Daniell cell with KCl salt bridge by Dubito, ergo quaero, CC0
Daniell cell with KNO₃ salt bridge by Dubito, ergo quaero, CC0
Death rate, Japan vs. Niger, 1950-2023 by Our World in Data, CC BY 4.0
Decay of a radioactive substance by Kurt Rosenkrantz, CC BY-SA 3.0
Decay of cobalt-60 by half-lives (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Demographic transition model (stages 1–5) by Charmed88; derivative work by NikNaks93, Public domain
Demonstration parallel-plate capacitor with field lines by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Dense regular vs dense irregular connective tissue (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Density of ice and water vs temperature by Klaus-Dieter Keller, CC BY-SA 3.0
Density of rods and cones across the human retina by Jochen Burghardt, CC BY-SA 3.0
Depolarizing and hyperpolarizing graded potentials (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Desmosome by Mariana Ruiz (LadyofHats), Public Domain
Desmosome structure by Mariana Ruiz Villarreal (LadyofHats), Public Domain
Deuterium–tritium fusion by Wykis, Public domain
Deviations from Raoult's law by Karlhahn; vectorization: Д.Ильин, CC0
Diagram of Pavlov's salivary-conditioning apparatus by Wellcome Collection (illustration after Yerkes & Morgulis, 1909), CC BY 4.0
Diagram of the cell nucleus by Mariana Ruiz Villarreal (LadyofHats), Public Domain
Diagram of the opponent process by Googolplexbyte, CC BY-SA 3.0
Diagram of the visual pathway by Firoz M, Shome N, Wong N, Jonnalagadda P, Tunga H, Shafiee A, Shafiee A, Bobba S, Kooner KS, CC BY 4.0
Diagram of the visual pathway by Firoz, M.; Shome, N.; Wong, N.; Jonnalagadda, P.; Tunga, H. et al. (MDPI Bioengineering), CC BY 4.0
Diamminesilver(I) ion, ball-and-stick model by Benjah-bmm27, Public domain
Dideoxynucleotide chain termination by Michał Sobkowski, CC BY 3.0
Dielectric and capacitor energy at constant charge by DMGualtieri, CC BY-SA 3.0
Different paths between the same two states on a P-V diagram by Steven Baltakatei Sandoval, CC BY-SA 4.0
Differential centrifugation by Thomasione, Public domain
Differential centrifugation by Thomasione, Public Domain
Digestive secretions and water absorption (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Direct ELISA by ZellBio, CC BY-SA 4.0
Directional selection by BoH, CC BY-SA 4.0
Dispersive prism by Spigget, CC BY-SA 3.0
Displacement as area under a velocity–time graph by Noname22124, CC0
Displacement from a velocity–time graph by Noname22124, CC0
Dissociation of sodium chloride in water (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Dissociation of sodium chloride in water (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Distribution of blood volume (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Distribution of blood volume (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 4.0
Disulfide bond cleavage by 2-mercaptoethanol by Slashme, Public domain
Disulfide bond formation between two cysteines by Roland Mattern, Public Domain
Disulfide reduction by DTT by Edgar181, Public domain
Diverging (negative) lens ray diagram by DrBob at English Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0
Diverging lens: parallel rays spread out from a virtual focus by Søren Peo Pedersen (Peo), CC BY-SA 2.5
DNA chemical structure by Thomas Shafee, CC BY 4.0
DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation by Huang, R.-X. & Zhou, P.-K., CC BY 4.0
DNA gel electrophoresis: fragment size vs distance migrated by Mckenzielower, CC BY-SA 4.0
DNA ligase at the replication fork by Christinelmiller, CC BY-SA 4.0
DNA ligase at the replication fork by Christinelmiller, CC BY-SA 4.0
DNA microarray experiment by Squidonius, Public domain
DNA replication fork (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 4.0
Dopamine and serotonin pathways (NIH) by NIH, Public Domain
Dopamine pathways (after NIDA) by NIDA; derivative by Quasihuman, Public domain
Dopamine pathways (Blausen) by BruceBlaus, CC BY-SA 4.0
Dopamine pathways (Blausen) by BruceBlaus, CC BY-SA 4.0
Dopamine pathways of the brain by User:Slashme; Patrick J. Lynch; User:Fvasconcellos, CC BY-SA 4.0
Dopaminergic pathways of the human brain by User:Slashme; Patrick J. Lynch; User:Fvasconcellos, CC BY-SA 4.0
Doppler effect from a moving source by Tkarcher; vector Tatoute, CC BY-SA 3.0
Doppler effect wavefronts by Tkarcher; vector by Tatoute, CC BY-SA 3.0
Dorsal and ventral visual streams by Selket, CC BY-SA 3.0
Double-slit fringes in sodium light by Epzcaw; original by Pieter Kuiper, CC BY-SA 3.0
Dunning–Kruger effect (perceived vs actual percentile) by Phlsph7, CC BY-SA 4.0
Dystrophin-glycoprotein complex by Daniel E. Michele and Kevin P. Campbell, CC BY 4.0
E. coli covered in fimbriae (electron micrograph) by Manu Forero (PLoS Biology 4(9): e314, 2006), CC BY 2.5
E/Z alkene stereochemistry by Vaccinationist, Public domain
E1 mechanism by Matthias M., Public Domain
E2 elimination mechanism by Matthias M., Public Domain
E2 elimination of 1-bromo-2-methylpropane by Innerstream, Public Domain
E2 elimination reaction by Innerstream, Public Domain
E2 on cyclohexane conformers by Cleanthis, Public Domain
Ebbinghaus forgetting curve by Nheise (English Wikibooks), CC BY-SA 3.0
ECG tracing with heart depolarization (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
EcoRI recognition site and cut by Bryan Derksen, Public domain
Edman degradation mechanism by Choij, Public Domain
EEG frequency bands by Laurens R. Krol, CC0
Effect of pH on the O2-hemoglobin curve (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
EGF receptor Ras-MAPK pathway (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
EGFR → GRB2/SOS → Ras → RAF → MEK → ERK pathway (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Elaboration likelihood model by U3100080, CC BY-SA 4.0
Elastic cartilage (micrograph) by Berkshire Community College Bioscience Image Library, CC0
Electric dipole moment definition by Maschen, CC0
Electric field lines and equipotentials of a dipole by File:VFPt charges plus minus.svg: Geek3 / derivative work: MikeRun, CC BY-SA 3.0
Electric field of a dipole by Geek3, CC BY-SA 3.0
Electric field of a parallel-plate capacitor by Geek3, CC BY-SA 4.0
Electric field of a positive point charge by Geek3, CC BY-SA 3.0
Electrical conduction system of the heart by Madhero88, CC BY-SA 3.0
Electrolysis of aqueous NaCl by Slower, CC BY-SA 3.0
Electrolysis of molten sodium chloride by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Electrolytic cell: silver plating a spoon by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Electromagnetic radiation spectrum by Philip Ronan, CC BY-SA 2.5
Electromagnetic spectrum by Philip Ronan, CC BY-SA 3.0
Electromagnetic spectrum by Philip Ronan, CC BY-SA 3.0
Electromagnetic spectrum (FDA) by FDA, Public domain
Electromagnetic spectrum properties by Inductiveload, NASA, CC BY-SA 3.0
Electromagnetic spectrum with sources by Dinksbumf, Inductiveload, NASA, CC BY-SA 3.0
Electromagnetic wave by Francois~frwiki, CC BY-SA 4.0
Electromagnetic wave by user And1mu, CC BY-SA 4.0
Electron affinities of the elements by Sandbh, CC BY-SA 3.0
Electron beam bent into a circle by a magnetic field by Marcin Białek, CC BY-SA 4.0
Electron capture and atomic rearrangement by Pamputt, CC BY-SA 4.0
Electron double-slit buildup (Tonomura) by Dr. Tonomura and Belsazar, CC BY-SA 3.0
Electron flow and conventional current in a conductor by inductiveload, Public domain
Electron transport chain (LadyofHats) by Mariana Ruiz (LadyofHats), Public Domain
Electron transport chain (OpenStax Biology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Electron transport chain and ATP synthase by T-Fork, Public domain
Electron transport chain in the inner mitochondrial membrane by T-Fork (after LadyofHats), Public Domain
Electron–positron annihilation by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Electrophilic aromatic substitution mechanism by Culdrum2, CC BY 4.0
Electrospray ionization (ESI) by Evan Mason, CC BY-SA 4.0
Electrostatic induction by Chetvorno, Public domain
Embryonic folding: endoderm forms the gut (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Endochondral ossification (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Endospore stain of Bacillus subtilis by WMrapids, CC0
Endosymbiotic theory (OpenStax) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Energetic coupling to ATP hydrolysis by Andi Schmitt, CC BY-SA 4.0
Energy diagram of an endothermic reaction by Brazosport College, CC BY-SA 3.0
Energy diagram of an exothermic reaction by Brazosport College, CC BY-SA 3.0
Energy of a mass-spring oscillator at each position by OpenStax University Physics, CC BY 4.0
Energy vs position for a mass on a spring by OpenStax University Physics, CC BY 4.0
Enhancer-promoter looping by Bernstein0275, CC BY-SA 4.0
Enolase reaction by miguelferig, Public domain
Enolate resonance by Fabiuccio, Public domain
Enolate resonance by Fabiuccio, Public Domain
Enterohepatic cycle of bile acids by Sander kersten, CC BY-SA 4.0
Entropy of solid, liquid and gas by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Entropy of solid, liquid and gas (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Enzyme activity versus temperature by Gal m, CC BY 3.0
Epiphyseal plate vs epiphyseal line by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Epistasis in mouse coat colour (OpenStax Biology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Epoxidation of an alkene with mCPBA by Pillsmarch, CC BY 4.0
Epoxide ring opening: SN1-like vs SN2 by Fabiuccio, Public Domain
Equal-loudness contours by Lindosland, Public domain
Ester from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol by Ben Mills, Public Domain
Ester from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol by Ben Mills, Public Domain
ETC, ATP synthase and the citric acid cycle in the mitochondrion (OpenStax Biology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Ethane conformations and relative energies by Keministi, CC0
Ethidium bromide-stained DNA agarose gel by Sgroey, CC BY-SA 4.0
Ethylenediamine bound to a metal ion by Vectorization: Alhadis, Public domain
Eukaryotic cilium by Mariana Ruiz (LadyofHats), Public Domain
Example autosomal dominant pedigree by Storyminusthes, CC BY-SA 4.0
Example autosomal recessive pedigree by Storyminusthes, CC BY-SA 4.0
Example of Zaitsev's rule by Ckalnmals, CC BY-SA 3.0
Example of Zaitsev's rule by Ckalnmals, CC BY-SA 3.0
Excitation–contraction coupling (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Exocytosis (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Exothermic reaction energy diagram by Brazosport College, CC BY-SA 3.0
Exponential (first-order) decay over half-lives by Svjo, CC BY-SA 4.0
Exponential decay showing the time constant by Qef, Public domain
Exponential decay with half-lives by Svjo, CC BY-SA 4.0
Exponential radioactive decay curve by Ktims; derivative work: Pieter Kuiper, Public domain
Extracellular matrix of an animal cell (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Extrinsic apoptosis via Fas by B1357M, CC BY-SA 3.0
F plasmid integration to form an Hfr cell (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Facilitated diffusion through channel and carrier proteins by LadyofHats Mariana Ruiz Villarreal, Public domain
Factors affecting stroke volume (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Factors in cardiac output (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Faraday's ice pail by Chetvorno, Public domain
Faraday's law of induction (three cases) by Jähmefyysikko, CC0
Fat droplets emulsified by bile salts and digested by pancreatic lipase by Cruithne9, CC BY-SA 4.0
FDG-PET brain slice by Jens Maus (http://jens-maus.de/), Public domain
Feedback inhibition of a metabolic pathway (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Fetal alcohol syndrome facial features by Teresa Kellerman, CC BY-SA 3.0
Fetal circulation (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Fetal circulatory shunts (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Fetal ultrasound by BruceBlaus, CC BY-SA 4.0
Fever pathway by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Fibrocartilage of an intervertebral disc (Gray's Anatomy) by Henry Vandyke Carter, Public domain
Fibrous joints (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Field around a straight wire and right-hand rule 2 (OpenStax College Physics) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Field around a straight wire and right-hand rule 2 (OpenStax College Physics) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Field around two positively charged conducting spheres by Geek3, CC BY-SA 4.0
Field inside a conductor cancels by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Field lines and equipotentials between plates by Sjlegg, Public domain
Field lines and equipotentials of + and - charges by Geek3, CC BY-SA 4.0
Field lines and equipotentials of a point charge by Sjlegg, Public domain
Field lines of a point charge through spheres at r and 2r by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Field of two equal positive charges by Geek3, CC BY-SA 3.0
Figure 13.6 U.S. population by age and sex, 2000 and 2010 by OpenStax, Introduction to Sociology 2e; adapted from U.S. Census Bureau, CC BY 4.0
Figure 2.12 Scatterplots: positive, negative and no correlation by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
Figure 20.9 Percent of U.S. population rural vs. urban, 1800-2000 by OpenStax, Introduction to Sociology 2e; adapted from U.S. Census Bureau, CC BY 4.0
Figure 4.6 Marx: base and superstructure by OpenStax, Introduction to Sociology 2e, CC BY 4.0
Figure 7.15 Intelligence Quotient Score (bell curve) by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
First ionization energy of the elements by Sponk (PNG), Glrx (SVG) and translators, CC BY 3.0
First ionization energy, period 2 by Albris, CC BY-SA 4.0
First-order kinetics: ln[H₂O₂] vs time (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Fischer esterification / acid hydrolysis equilibrium by Krishnavedala, Public Domain
Fischer esterification / acid hydrolysis equilibrium by Krishnavedala, Public Domain
Fischer esterification mechanism by V8rik, Public Domain
Fischer projection of open-chain D-glucose by ClockworkSoul at English Wikipedia, Public domain
Floating block: buoyancy vs weight by Jooja, CC BY-SA 4.0
Flow cytometer layout by Bilal Hussain, CC0
Fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Folate cycle and vitamin B12 by Naturwiki, CC BY-SA 4.0
Force between parallel currents (OpenStax College Physics) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Forces on a floating block by Jooja, CC BY-SA 4.0
Formation of sucrose from glucose and fructose (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax (Rice University), CC BY 4.0
Formation of the Hofmann product with t-BuOK by Ckalnmals, CC BY-SA 3.0
Formation of the Hofmann product with t-BuOK by Ckalnmals, CC BY-SA 3.0
Formation of the membrane attack complex by Beao (derivative of Formowanie_MAC.svg), CC BY-SA 3.0
Formation of the translation initiation complex by Hamyln, CC BY 4.0
Forms of chemical signaling (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Founder effect by Qz10; derivative by Zerodamage, Public domain
Four-chain structure of an antibody (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Fraction remaining vs number of half-lives (OpenStax Astronomy) by Andrew Fraknoi, David Morrison, Sidney Wolff (OpenStax Astronomy), CC BY 4.0
Fractional distillation apparatus by Theresa Knott (original); John Kershaw (derivative work), CC BY-SA 3.0
Fractional distillation lab apparatus by Theresa Knott (original); John Kershaw (SVG), CC BY-SA 3.0
Frameshift deletion by Genomics Education Programme, CC BY 2.0
Free energy vs reaction progress (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Free nerve endings in the skin (Blausen) by BruceBlaus, CC BY 3.0
Free-body diagram of a block on an incline by Jer S, CC BY-SA 4.0
Free-body diagrams on a flat surface and an incline by Penubag, Public domain
Free-body diagrams on flat ground and an incline by Penubag, Public Domain
Freud's structural model (iceberg diagram) by historicair (after Jordangordanier), Public domain
Friction force versus applied force by Maxmath12, CC0
Friction force vs applied force by Maxmath12, CC0
Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate synthesis by PFK-2 by Yikrazuul, Public domain
Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate regulation in liver by Mertmetin96, CC BY-SA 4.0
Full vs partial agonist dose-response by Radio89, CC BY-SA 3.0
Functional areas of the cerebral cortex (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Fusiform face area (inferior view of the brain) by Database Center for Life Science (BodyParts3D), CC BY-SA 2.1 jp
G protein-coupled receptor in the membrane by DataBase Center for Life Science (DBCLS), CC BY 4.0
G protein-coupled receptor in the membrane by DataBase Center for Life Science (DBCLS), CC BY 4.0
GABA-A receptor subunits and chloride pore by Д.Ильин (vectorization), after Chemgirl131, CC0
GABA-A receptor subunits and chloride pore by Д.Ильин (vectorization), after Chemgirl131, CC0
Gabriel synthesis by Jü, CC0
Gabriel synthesis by Jü, CC0
Gabriel synthesis: alkylation of phthalimide by Jü, CC0
Gallbladder and bile ducts (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Gallbladder, liver and bile ducts (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Galvanic cell with salt bridge by Gringer, CC BY-SA 3.0
Galvanic cell with salt bridge (Cu/Ag) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Galvanic cell: standard hydrogen electrode and copper by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Gamma decay of barium-137 by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Gamma emission from a nucleus by Inductiveload, Public domain
Gamma emission from barium-137 by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Gap junction by Mariana Ruiz (LadyofHats), Public Domain
Gap junction with connexons by Mariana Ruiz Villarreal (LadyofHats), Public Domain
Gas chromatograph schematic by Offnfopt, Public domain
Gas collected over water by Danielchemik, CC0
Gas particles in a container (kinetic theory) by Sharayanan, CC BY-SA 3.0
Gas particles in random motion by Sharayanan, CC BY-SA 3.0
Gate control theory of pain: Aβ fibre input closes the gate by Delldot, CC BY-SA 3.0
Gate control theory: Aβ fibre firing by Delldot, CC BY-SA 3.0
Gate control theory: open gate by Delldot, CC BY 3.0
Gay-Lussac's law pressure–temperature graph by Persino, CC BY-SA 4.0
GC-MS schematic by Cwszot, Kkmurray, CC BY 2.5
Gel electrophoresis workflow (DNA fingerprinting) by Jennifer0328, CC BY-SA 4.0
Gene flow (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, Rice University, CC BY 4.0
Gene flow (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, Rice University, CC BY 4.0
Gene flow between two populations by Jessica Krueger, CC BY-SA 3.0
General catecholamine structure by Andreas Raether, CC BY-SA 4.0
General demonstration of Zaitsev's rule by Ckalnmals, CC BY-SA 3.0
General demonstration of Zaitsev's rule by Ckalnmals, CC BY-SA 3.0
General structure of acetals by Su-no-G, Public domain
General structure of an ester by Sakurambo, Public domain
Generalized transduction by Reytan, modified by Geni, Public domain
Generalized transduction by Reytan, modified by Geni, Public domain
Generic phase diagram with triple and critical points by Maksim; vector version by Booyabazooka, CC BY-SA 3.0
Genetic drift vs population size simulations by Professor marginalia, CC BY-SA 3.0
Germ layers (XBio illustration) by explorebiology, CC BY 4.0
Germ layers form at the primitive streak (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Germinal center by Billy10drs, CC BY-SA 3.0
Gestalt law of closure by Kasufcgslfguhvsne, Public Domain
Gestalt law of proximity by Kasufcgslfguhvsne, Public Domain
Gestalt law of similarity by Kasufcgslfguhvsne, Public Domain
Glucose and galactose are C-4 epimers by DrTOsborne, CC BY 4.0
Glucose anomers (Haworth and Fischer) by miguelferig, Public domain
Glucose-6-phosphatase system in the ER by Yikrazuul, CC BY-SA 3.0
Glutamate dehydrogenase reaction by Yikrazuul, Public domain
Glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase by Yikrazuul, Public domain
Glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle by Boghog2, Public Domain
Glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle by Boghog2, Public domain
Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis by BiochemistryProf, CC0
Glycolysis investment and payoff phases (OpenStax Microbiology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Glycolysis pathway (annotated) by Thomas Shafee, CC BY 4.0
Glycolysis steps 1-5 (OpenStax Biology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Glycolysis steps 6-10 (OpenStax Biology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Glycolysis: investment and payoff phases (OpenStax Microbiology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Goitre (enlarged thyroid) by Almazi, Public Domain
Gold-leaf electroscope (1880s engraving) by James Edward Henry Gordon, Public domain
Golgi apparatus with cis and trans faces by Kelvinsong, CC BY 3.0
Gout: monosodium urate crystals in joint fluid by Ed Uthman, CC BY 2.0
Gq pathway: PLC, IP3, DAG and PKC activation by Yikrazuul, CC BY-SA 3.0
Gram stain of S. aureus (Gram+) and E. coli (Gram-) by Y tambe, CC BY-SA 3.0
Gram stain of Staphylococcus (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Gram-negative bacterial cell wall by Jeff Dahl, CC BY-SA 4.0
Gram-negative bacterial flagellum and rotary motor by Mariana Ruiz Villarreal (LadyofHats), Public Domain
Gram-negative cell envelope by RSiuda, CC BY-SA 4.0
Gram-positive vs Gram-negative cell walls (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Granular leukocytes (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Graph of an action potential (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Grignard addition to a ketone by Wittiko, CC0
Grignard addition to a ketone by Innerstream, Public Domain
Grignard addition to a ketone by LoomCreek, CC BY-SA 4.0
Grignard carboxylation: bromobenzene to benzoic acid by Dr. Ian Hunt, Public domain
Grignard reagents with acidic protons by Ccustodi, CC0
Gums in scurvy (CDC) by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Domain
Habituation curve by Jyancey5, CC BY-SA 4.0
Haloform reaction mechanism by Stone, Public Domain
Hardy-Weinberg genotype frequencies by Johnuniq, CC BY-SA 3.0
Hardy-Weinberg genotype frequencies by Johnuniq, CC BY-SA 3.0
Hardy-Weinberg principle (OpenStax Biology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Harmonics on a string fixed at both ends by Qef / Houtlijm, Public domain
Haversian system of compact bone by Sunshineconnelly (English Wikibooks), CC BY 3.0
He₂ molecular orbital diagram by Helvet, CC BY-SA 4.0
Health Belief Model (threat perceptions) by Skbanergt, CC BY-SA 4.0
Heart diagram, labelled by ZooFari, CC BY-SA 3.0
Heat engine between hot and cold reservoirs by Guy vandegrift, CC BY-SA 4.0
Heat engine energy-flow diagram by Eric Gaba (Sting), Public domain
Heating curve (temperature vs time at constant heating) by Bohrium2b, CC BY-SA 4.0
Heating curve of water by C3bc-taaccct, CC BY 3.0
HeLa cells expressing mitochondria-targeted GFP by Simon Troeder, CC BY 4.0
Helical, icosahedral and complex viral capsids (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Helper and cytotoxic T-cell activation (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Heme b structure by Yikrazuul, Public Domain
Hemiacetal formation by ChemSim, Public domain
Hemiacetal vs hemiketal by Nj121, CC BY-SA 4.0
Hemidesmosome: integrins anchoring keratin to the basal lamina by lu.qianhe, CC BY-SA 4.0
Hemoglobin saturation curve by Rehua, Public Domain
Hemoglobin tetramer (PDB 1GZX) by Zephyris (English Wikipedia), CC BY-SA 3.0
Hemolytic transfusion reaction (type II hypersensitivity) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Hepatic portal system (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Hepatic portal system (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Herpes zoster (shingles) rash by Fisle, CC BY-SA 3.0
Heterotrimeric G protein cycle (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Heterotrimeric G-protein activation cycle (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Hexokinase reaction by Athel cb, CC0
Hfr formation and Hfr x F- conjugation by Ac.shrader, CC BY-SA 4.0
High precision, low accuracy target by DarkEvil, Public domain
Higher-order (second-order) conditioning (OpenStax Psychology) by Rose M. Spielman, PhD (OpenStax Psychology), CC BY 4.0
Hill binding curves for n = 1, 2, 4 by Fdardel, CC BY-SA 3.0
Hill curves for cooperative ligand binding by Fdardel, CC BY-SA 3.0
Hippocampus location on coronal MRI by Amber Rieder, Jenna Traynor, CC0
Histogram of income with mean and median marked (GSS 2010) by Rcragun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Histone acetylation and chromatin state by Annabelle L. Rodd, Katherine Ververis and Tom C. Karagiannis (modified), CC BY-SA 4.0
Histone acetylation and deacetylation by Annabelle L. Rodd, Katherine Ververis and Tom C. Karagiannis, CC BY 3.0
HIV replication cycle (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
HMG-CoA reductase reaction by Vaccinationist, CC BY-SA 3.0
HMG-CoA reductase reaction by Vaccinationist, CC BY-SA 3.0
HOMO and LUMO energy diagram by Tomgally (vectorized by Parutakupiu), Public domain
Homologous forelimbs by Volkov Vladislav Petrovich, CC BY-SA 4.0
Homologous recombinational repair of DNA double-strand breaks by Chaya5260, CC BY-SA 4.0
Hooke’s law plot with springs by Jorge Stolfi, CC BY-SA 3.0
Hooke's law springs by Svjo, CC BY-SA 3.0
Hormonal control of liver PFK-2/FBPase-2 by Kedrosolan, CC BY-SA 4.0
Hormonal control of the testes (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Hormonal regulation of growth (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Hormonal regulation of ovulation (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Hormonal regulation of the male reproductive system (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Hostile dog, Fig. 5 from Darwin's The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872) by Mr. Riviere (illustrator), in Charles Darwin (1872), Public domain
How an acetate buffer responds to added acid or base (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
How cancer spreads (NCI) by Jane Hurd (Illustrator), Public Domain
How Dolly the sheep was cloned by Squidonius, Public domain
How SSRIs work by U3190069, CC BY-SA 4.0
How SSRIs work at the serotonin synapse by U3190069, CC BY-SA 4.0
HPA axis by Biolinkage Project, CC BY-SA 4.0
HPA axis by Biolinkage Project, CC BY-SA 4.0
HPA axis diagram by Brian M. Sweis, CC BY-SA 3.0
HPLC apparatus schematic by Yassine Mrabet, CC BY-SA 3.0
Human male reproductive system (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Human photoreceptor distribution by Cmglee, CC BY-SA 3.0
Human steroidogenesis by David Richfield and Mikael Häggström, CC0
Human visual pathway by Miquel Perello Nieto, CC BY-SA 4.0
Hund's rule: nitrogen orbital diagram by CK-12 Foundation (raster), Adrignola (vector), Public domain
Hyaline cartilage (micrograph) by Berkshire Community College Bioscience Image Library, CC0
Hydraulic jack by Olivier Cleynen, CC0
Hydraulic press by Patrol110, CC BY-SA 3.0
Hydroboration-oxidation of 1-methylcyclohexene by Mengfei Zhang, Public Domain
Hydroboration–oxidation of an alkene by Pete Davis, Public Domain
Hydrogen atomic emission diagram by Cnrowley, CC BY-SA 4.0
Hydrogen bonding between alcohol molecules by Д.Ильин (vectorization of Hbondalcohol.png), CC0
Hydrogen bonding between water molecules by Benjah-bmm27 (raster original), B. Jankuloski (vectorization), CC0
Hydrogen bonds between water molecules (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Hydrogen bonds in liquid water by Thomas Splettstoesser (www.scistyle.com), CC BY-SA 3.0
Hydrogen electron transitions (Lyman, Balmer, Paschen) by Szdori; derivative work: OrangeDog, CC BY 2.5
Hydrogen visible emission lines by Merikanto; vectorized by Adrignola, CC0
Hydrolysis of a peptide bond by Mjeltsch, CC BY-SA 4.0
Hydrolysis of maltose by maltase by D.a.pantazis, CC BY-SA 3.0
Hyperopia and its correction by Gumenyuk I.S., CC BY-SA 4.0
Hypersensitivity types and mechanisms by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Hypnogram with sleep-onset REM (SOREM) by Schlafgut, CC BY-SA 3.0
Hypothalamic nuclei (Suba 2013) by Zsuzsanna Suba, CC BY 4.0
Hypothalamic nuclei and pituitary by Oldblueday, CC BY-SA 4.0
Hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid negative feedback loop (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Iceberg with its submerged portion visible by Individuo, CC BY 2.0
Iceberg with submerged portion visible by Individuo, CC BY 2.0
Id, ego and superego (Figure 11.6) by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
Ideal gas assumption vs real gas particle volume by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Ideal gas law relationships by Cmglee, CC BY-SA 4.0
Ideal projectile paths at different launch angles by Cmglee, CC BY-SA 3.0
Idealized mood patterns: bipolar I, bipolar II, cyclothymia by Oro Temp, CC0
IgA immunity in the gut mucosa (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Illustration of a sonic boom by Melamed katz, CC BY-SA 3.0
Image formation by a converging lens by DrBob, CC BY-SA 3.0
Image formation in a plane mirror by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Image formed by a diverging lens by DrBob, CC BY-SA 3.0
Image in a plane mirror by AnyFile, Public domain
Imine, enamine and aminal formation from aldehydes by Anagkai, CC0
Impulse as area under a force–time graph by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Incomplete dominance (intermediate inheritance) in four-o'clock flowers by Sciencia58, CC0
Incomplete dominance in snapdragons by Jacek Halicki, I am Jim, Crochet.david and Sciencia58, CC BY-SA 4.0
Independent assortment at metaphase I (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Independent assortment of homologous pairs by Christinelmiller, CC BY-SA 4.0
Induced fit model of enzyme-substrate binding by TimVickers, vectorized by Fvasconcellos, Public Domain
Induction by motion: Lenz's law by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Influenza reproductive cycle (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Infrared thermogram of a hand by Alex and Jarek Tuszyński, CC BY-SA 3.0
Interactions stabilizing tertiary structure (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Interference in a quarter-wave anti-reflective coating by DrBob, CC BY-SA 3.0
Interference of two waves by Haade (original); vectorized by Wjh31 and Quibik, CC BY-SA 3.0
Intermediate mesoderm derivatives by Jessica Xu, CC BY-SA 4.0
Internal anatomy of the heart (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Internal anatomy of the heart (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Internal resistance model of a battery by Spinningspark, CC BY-SA 3.0
Intracellular receptor acting on DNA (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Intramembranous ossification (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways by Firoz M, Shome N, et al. (Bioengineering, MDPI), CC BY 4.0
Inverse square law by Borb, CC BY-SA 3.0
Inverse-square law by Borb, CC BY-SA 3.0
Inverse-square law by Kaplan, D.J., Patel, J.N., Liporace, F.A. et al., CC BY 4.0
Ion exchange chromatography explained by Mjeltsch, CC BY-SA 4.0
Ion-exchange chromatography explained by Mjeltsch, CC BY-SA 4.0
Ionic bond formation in sodium chloride by Shafei (Arabic Wikipedia), Public domain
Ionization states of an amino acid by Jürgen Martens, CC BY-SA 3.0
Ionizing vs non-ionizing radiation by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
IR absorption regions summary by Ewen (original); GKFX (vector), CC BY-SA 3.0
IR spectrum of ethanol (liquid film) by Mfomich, CC0
IR spectrum of ethanol (liquid film) by Mfomich, CC0
IR spectrum with labelled carbonyl peak by Peterlewis (original); Mrmw (vector), Public domain
Iron deficiency anemia blood film by Dr Graham Beards, CC BY-SA 3.0
Isobaric process on a P–V diagram by IkamusumeFan, CC BY-SA 3.0
Isobaric process on a PV diagram by AkanoToE, CC BY-SA 4.0
Isobutane and n-butane by Tsemii, Public domain
Isochoric process in a p-V diagram by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Isochoric process on a P–V diagram by IkamusumeFan, CC BY-SA 3.0
Isolated capacitor with and without a dielectric slab by DMGualtieri, CC BY-SA 3.0
Isolated, closed and open systems by Grasso Luigi; text by Utfor, CC BY-SA 4.0
Isomers of tartaric acid by Innerstream, Public domain
Isomers of tartaric acid by Innerstream, Public domain
Isothermal process on a P–V diagram by Netheril96, CC0
Jablonski diagram of fluorescence by Jacobkhed; vectorized by Д.Ильин, CC0
James–Lange theory of emotion (anxiety example) by U3190094, CC BY-SA 4.0
Janis's groupthink model by HaleyB3, CC BY-SA 4.0
Jones oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols by Faynara, Public Domain
Joule (free) expansion experiment by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Juxtaglomerular apparatus (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Juxtaglomerular apparatus (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Juxtaglomerular apparatus and glomerulus (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Karyotype 47,XXY (Klinefelter syndrome) by Nami-ja, Public domain
Karyotype of trisomy 21 by U.S. Department of Energy Human Genome Program, Public domain
KCl crystal dissolving in water (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Kelvin, Celsius and Fahrenheit scales by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Ketal formation via a hemiketal by Ryan Neff, CC BY-SA 3.0
Keto-enol tautomerism by Innerstream, Public Domain
Keto–enol equilibrium of acetone by Smokefoot, Public domain
Keto–enol tautomerization mechanism by ZanderZ, Public domain
Ketogenesis (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Ketogenesis pathway by Sav vas, CC0
Ketone reduction by sodium borohydride by Pillsmarch, CC BY 4.0
Ketose–aldose tautomerization via an enediol by T.vanschaik, CC BY 4.0
Kinetic and thermodynamic enolates of 2-methylcyclohexanone by Omegakent, CC BY-SA 3.0
Kinetic vs thermodynamic control by Nick024, CC0
Kinetic-energy distributions at two temperatures (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Kinetic, potential and total energy of a mass on a spring by OpenStax University Physics, CC BY 4.0
Kinetochores on sister chromatids (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Kinsey scale (after Kinsey et al., 1953) by Ihateirony (Wikimedia Commons), after Kinsey et al. 1953, CC0
Kirchhoff loop around a two-battery circuit by Guy vandegrift, CC0
Kirchhoff's junction rule by inductiveload, Public domain
Kirchhoff's junction rule by Pflodo; derivative work M0tty, CC BY-SA 3.0
Kirchhoff's junction rule by inductiveload, Public domain
Kirchhoff's loop rule by Kwinkunks, CC BY-SA 3.0
Kirchhoff's voltage law: any path between two nodes by inductiveload, Public domain
Klinefelter syndrome karyotype (47,XXY) by Nami-ja, Public domain
Knockout mouse production by Kjaergaard, CC BY 3.0
Kohlberg's levels and stages of moral reasoning (Figure 9.6) by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
Kohlberg's stages of moral development by Lawrence Kohlberg, Em Griffin, cmglee, CC BY-SA 4.0
Krebs cycle intermediates for biosynthesis (OpenStax Microbiology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
L-Isoleucine skeletal structure by Ben Mills (Benjah-bmm27), Public Domain
L-Methionine skeletal structure by Ben Mills, Public Domain
L-Phenylalanine skeletal structure by Ben Mills, Public Domain
L-Tryptophan skeletal structure by Ben Mills (Benjah-bmm27), Public Domain
L-Tyrosine skeletal structure by Ben Mills, Public Domain
Labelled mitochondrion TEM (OpenStax Biology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Labelled Zn–Cu galvanic cell by Rehua, CC BY 3.0
Lactate dehydrogenase reaction by Yikrazuul, Public Domain
Lactate dehydrogenase reaction by Yikrazuul, Public domain
Lactic acid fermentation (OpenStax Biology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Lactose (Haworth projection) by NEUROtiker, Public domain
Laminar shear between plates by en:User:Duk, en:User:H Padleckas, User:Stannered, CC BY-SA 3.0
Laminar shear of a fluid between plates by Farzad.Soleimani, CC BY-SA 3.0
Laminar vs turbulent flow by Dubaj, vectorized by Guillaume Paumier (user:guillom), Public domain
Laminar vs turbulent water jet by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Large (50S) ribosomal subunit: rRNA core with peripheral proteins by Yikrazuul, CC BY-SA 3.0
Laser light guided in a perspex rod by Timwether, CC BY-SA 3.0
Law of reflection by Johan Arvelius, CC BY-SA 3.0
Layers of the epidermis (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College : J. Gordon Betts, Peter Desaix, Eddie Johnson., CC BY 3.0
Layers of the GI tract wall (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Layers of the retina by Peter Hartmann at de.wikipedia, edited by Marc Gabriel Schmid Creating SVG version by Юкатан, CC BY-SA 3.0
LC chromatogram with peaks labelled by retention time (NIOSH) by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Public domain
Lead-time bias by Mcstrother, CC BY 3.0
Lead–acid battery by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Lead(II) iodide precipitating by PRHaney, CC BY-SA 3.0
Lead(II) iodide precipitating out of solution by PRHaney, CC BY-SA 3.0
Leading vs lagging strand synthesis by RWhitwam, CC BY-SA 4.0
Leading vs lagging strand synthesis by RWhitwam, CC BY-SA 4.0
Leaving-group activation by protonation by Cseizert, CC BY-SA 3.0
Legume root nodules with Rhizobium bacteroids (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Length time bias by Mcstrother, edited by Nnemo, CC BY 3.0
Length-tension relationship (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Lenz's law: magnet approaching a ring by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Let-down reflex (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Leucine, valine and isoleucine structures by Pecresseftbeyonceplease, CC BY-SA 4.0
Lever classes in the body by Rachel Sanchez Thwing, CC BY 4.0
Lever: effort, load and arm lengths by Jimbowley, CC BY-SA 3.0
Levers in the skeletal muscular system by JohnRoosters, CC BY-SA 4.0
Lewis structure of boron trifluoride by Jerónimo Cueto, CC BY-SA 4.0
LiAlH₄ reduction of an amide to an amine by Innerstream, Public domain
Life expectancy for people of different ages (France) by Our World in Data, CC BY 4.0
Ligand-gated channel (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Ligand-gated ion channel receptor by Isaac Webb, CC BY-SA 3.0
Light guided along an optical fibre by Gringer, Public domain
Light passing through a sample cuvette by Marmot2019, CC BY-SA 4.0
Light ray refracted by a plastic block by ajizai, Public domain
Light, SCN and the pineal–melatonin circuit by Ma Z, Yang Y, Fan C, et al. (Oncotarget 2016), CC BY 4.0
Limbic system (OpenStax Biology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Linear and ring forms of glucose; α and β anomers (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax (Rice University), CC BY 4.0
Linear visible spectrum by Gringer, Public domain
Linearly polarized light wave by Dave3457, Public domain
Lineweaver-Burk (double-reciprocal) plot by Pro bug catcher (English Wikipedia), CC BY-SA 3.0
Lineweaver-Burk plot (slope = Km/V) by Athel cb, CC BY-SA 4.0
Lineweaver-Burk plot with labelled intercepts by Pro bug catcher (English Wikipedia), CC BY-SA 3.0
Lineweaver-Burk plot, competitive inhibition by Sponk, Public Domain
Lineweaver-Burk plot, competitive inhibition by Sponk, Public Domain
Lineweaver-Burk plot, noncompetitive inhibition by Sponk, Public Domain
Lineweaver-Burk plot, uncompetitive inhibition by TimVickers, Public Domain
Lineweaver–Burk plot, uncompetitive inhibition by TimVickers, Public domain
Lipid absorption (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Lipid absorption and chylomicron export (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Lipopolysaccharide structure (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Liposome, micelle and bilayer sheet by Mariana Ruiz Villarreal (LadyofHats), Public domain
Liquid–liquid extraction equilibrium by Valle de Aves, CC0
Living room in a home affected by hoarding disorder (Bregenz, Austria) by Asurnipal, CC BY-SA 4.0
ln[H₂O₂] versus time for a first-order decomposition by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Lobes of the brain (Blausen 0111) by BruceBlaus, CC BY 3.0
Location of the hippocampus (ventral view) by Washington irving, CC0
Location of the hypothalamus (Blausen 0536) by BruceBlaus, CC BY 3.0
Lock-and-key model of enzyme action by Hottuna080, CC BY-SA 3.0
London dispersion forces between alkane chains by Danielchemik, CC BY-SA 3.0
London forces in unbranched vs branched alkanes by Danielchemik, CC BY-SA 3.0
Long-term memory systems (after Squire & Zola 1996) by SFWalker, CC BY-SA 3.0
Long-term potentiation at hippocampal CA1 synapses by Synaptidude, CC BY-SA 3.0
Long-term potentiation in the hippocampus (field EPSP recording) by Synaptidude (English Wikipedia), CC BY-SA 3.0
Loop of Henle countercurrent multiplier (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Loop of Henle countercurrent multiplier (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Lung volumes and capacities by Kapwatt (derived from work by rscottweekly and Vihsadas), CC BY-SA 3.0
Lung volumes and capacities (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Lymphatic trunks and ducts (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Lysogenic cycle of a temperate phage (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Lytic and lysogenic cycles of a bacteriophage by Suly12, Adenosine, Pbroks13, Marek M, CC BY-SA 3.0
Lytic and lysogenic cycles of a temperate phage (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Lytic cycle of bacteriophage T4 (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Macroautophagy vs microautophagy by Emma Farmer User:Serephine, Public domain
Madelung (n + l) filling-order diagram by Chemmix, CC BY-SA 4.0
Magnetic field around a current-carrying wire by Stannered, CC BY-SA 3.0
Magnetic field lines of a bar magnet (OpenStax College Physics) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Magnetic field of a current loop by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Magnetic field of a solenoid by Geek3, CC BY-SA 3.0
Magnetic force on a current-carrying wire (OpenStax College Physics) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Magnetic sector mass spectrometer by K. Murray (Kkmurray), CC BY-SA 3.0
Main mechanisms of action of MDMA by 5-HT2AR, CC0
Malaria vs sickle-cell trait distributions in Africa by Anthony Allison, CC0
Malate dehydrogenase reaction: L-malate to oxaloacetate by KevinHuai, CC BY-SA 4.0
Malate-aspartate shuttle by Yikrazuul, CC BY-SA 3.0
MALDI ionization source by Mikayé, CC BY-SA 3.0
Malonic ester synthesis (short scheme) by Typhoner, Public Domain
Maltose by Zippanova, Public domain
Malus's law by Fresheneesz (original); Pbroks13 (redraw), CC BY-SA 2.5
Marginal value theorem graph by Jnjasmin, Public domain
Maslow's hierarchy of needs by User:Factoryjoe, CC BY-SA 3.0
Maslow's hierarchy of needs (five levels) by FireflySixtySeven, CC BY-SA 4.0
Maslow's hierarchy of needs (original five-level model) by Hamish.croker, CC BY-SA 4.0
Maslow's hierarchy of needs (with examples) by Androidmarsexpress, CC BY-SA 4.0
Maslow's hierarchy of needs with examples by Androidmarsexpress, CC BY-SA 4.0
Mass hanging on a spring by Svjo, CC BY-SA 3.0
Mast cell, Wright stain by Ed Uthman from Houston, TX, USA, CC BY 2.0
Maternal (mitochondrial) inheritance pedigree by Sciencia58, CC0
Maternal meiosis I nondisjunction leading to trisomy 21 by Willnpp11, CC BY-SA 4.0
Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution of O₂ speeds by InverseHypercube, CC BY-SA 3.0
Maxwell–Boltzmann speed distributions of noble gases by Pdbailey at English Wikipedia, Public domain
Maxwell–Boltzmann speeds at three temperatures by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Measured static vs kinetic friction by Loodog, CC BY-SA 3.0
Mechanism of DNA gyrase by Fdardel, CC BY-SA 3.0
Mechanism of RNA interference by Simone Mocellin and Maurizio Provenzano, CC BY 2.0
Mechanism of RNA interference by Simone Mocellin and Maurizio Provenzano, CC BY 2.0
Meiosis I vs meiosis II chromosome separation (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Meiosis vs mitosis comparison (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Menstrual cycle by Isometrik, CC BY-SA 3.0
Menstrual cycle: ovary, hormones and endometrium by Speck-Made, CC BY-SA 3.0
Mercury barometer by Danomagnum, Public domain
Mercury sphygmomanometer by Michael V Hayes at English Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0
Merton's deviance typology (strain theory) by Wykis, Public domain
Meselson-Stahl experiment by Mariana Ruiz Villarreal (LadyofHats), Public Domain
Meselson-Stahl test of replication models by Eunice Laurent, CC BY-SA 4.0
meso-Tartaric acid with internal mirror plane by NEUROtiker, Public domain
meso-Tartaric acid with internal mirror plane by NEUROtiker, Public domain
Mesocortical pathway (dopaminergic pathways diagram) by User:Slashme; Patrick J. Lynch; User:Fvasconcellos, CC BY-SA 4.0
Mesoderm subdivisions beside the neural tube by Kupirijo, CC BY-SA 4.0
Mesoderm subdivisions in cross-section by Kupirijo, CC BY-SA 4.0
Mesolimbic dopamine pathway by Slashme; Patrick J. Lynch; Fvasconcellos, CC BY-SA 4.0
Messenger RNA maturation by Kep17, CC BY-SA 4.0
Metal-EDTA complex by Chamberlain2007 (vectorization), Public domain
Metal–EDTA chelate by Chamberlain2007 (vectorization of Medta.png by Smokefoot), Public domain
Metallic bonding by Muskid, CC BY-SA 3.0
Methane chlorination: propagation steps by V8rik, CC BY-SA 3.0
Methane chlorination: termination steps by V8rik, CC BY-SA 3.0
Methyl orange across the pH scale by Arion Baruti, CC BY-SA 4.0
MHC class I antigen processing by Scray, CC BY-SA 3.0
Micelle in aqueous solution by SuperManu, CC BY-SA 3.0
Michael addition of a malonic ester to methyl vinyl ketone by Jü, CC0
Michaelis-Menten curve by Thomas Shafee, CC BY 4.0
Michaelis-Menten curves with competitive and noncompetitive inhibitors (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Michaelis-Menten plot, competitive inhibition by Sponk, Public Domain
Michaelis-Menten plot, non-competitive inhibition by Sponk, Public Domain
Michaelis-Menten saturation curve by Thomas Shafee, CC BY 4.0
Michaelis-Menten saturation curve by fullofstars, Public Domain
Michaelis-Menten saturation curve by U+003F, CC0
Michaelis–Menten curve with Km at ½Vmax by Thomas Shafee, CC BY-SA 4.0
Microfilament made of actin subunits (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Microstates of four particles in two boxes by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Microstates of four particles in two boxes (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Microtubule structure by Thomas Splettstoesser (scistyle.com), CC BY-SA 4.0
Milgram experiment setup (E, T, L) by Fred the Oyster, CC BY-SA 4.0
Milgram obedience results by shock level (Figure 12.20) by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
Milgram obedience results: maximum shock given by Das steinerne Herz, CC BY-SA 4.0
Milk let-down reflex (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Millikan's oil-drop experiment by Theresa Knott; derivative work by Gregors, CC BY-SA 3.0
Misfocusing due to myopia and hyperopia by RWhitwam, CC BY-SA 4.0
Mismatch repair (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Missense mutation by Genomics Education Programme, CC BY 2.0
Missing self by Cacofonie, CC BY-SA 3.0
Missing-self recognition by NK cells by Cacofonie, CC BY-SA 3.0
Mitochondrial chemiosmosis (annotated diagram) by Rozzychan~enwiki, CC BY-SA 2.5
Mitochondrial electron transport chain by Fvasconcellos, Public Domain
Mitochondrion structure by Kelvinsong; modified by Sowlos, CC BY-SA 3.0
Mitotic spindle (XBio illustration) by explorebiology, CC BY 4.0
Mode, median and mean of right-skewed distributions by Cmglee, CC BY-SA 3.0
Modes of speciation by Ilmari Karonen, CC BY-SA 3.0
Molecular orbital diagram of He2 by Farjana H. Mitu, CC BY 4.0
Molecular orbital diagram of O2 by D. Ilyin (vectorization of Anthony.Sebastian's original), CC0
Molecular orbital diagram of O2 by Original by Hati, vectorized by Snubcube, CC0
Molecular origin of surface tension by Drpaulineneveu, CC BY-SA 4.0
Moment arm and line of action by Guy vandegrift, CC BY-SA 4.0
Monosaccharides: aldose vs ketose, triose to hexose (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax (Rice University), CC BY 4.0
Motor and sensory regions of the cerebral cortex (Blausen) by BruceBlaus (Blausen Medical), CC BY 3.0
Motor unit by ScholarJay, CC BY-SA 4.0
Motor unit recruitment by Daniel Walsh and Alan Sved, CC BY-SA 4.0
Mouse operant conditioning (feeding reward) by DataBase Center for Life Science (DBCLS), CC BY 4.0
Moving a charge against a uniform field by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
mRNA being translated by a ribosome (OpenStax Biology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Mu opioid receptor mechanism of action by Ring0, CC BY-SA 3.0
Muscle metabolism (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Muscle twitch myogram (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Mutarotation of D-glucose by Laghi.l, CC BY-SA 3.0
Myopia and its correction by Gumenyuk I.S., CC BY-SA 4.0
NAD+ structure by NEUROtiker, Public Domain
Naked and enveloped virus structure (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Naked and enveloped virus structure (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Names of phase transitions by F l a n k e r, penubag, Public domain
Near-spherical water droplet on hydrophobic sand by Aidar.Seralin, CC BY-SA 4.0
Necrosis vs apoptosis by National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), Public Domain
Nephron and its blood supply (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Nephron reabsorption and secretion (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Nephron reabsorption and secretion (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Net filtration pressure in the glomerulus (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Neural crest formation during neurulation by NikNaks (reoriented by SUM1), CC BY 4.0
Neural plate folds into the neural tube (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Neuron with oligodendrocyte and myelin sheath by LadyofHats (Mariana Ruiz Villarreal), derivative work, Public Domain
Neurotransmitter reuptake at a synapse by Sabar, Public Domain
Neurulation (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Neutron-induced fission of uranium-235 by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Neutrophil in a blood smear by hematologist (Segmented_neutrophils.jpg); derivative by patient-doc, CC BY-SA 3.0
Neutrophil in a blood smear by hematologist (Segmented_neutrophils.jpg); derivative by patient-doc, CC BY-SA 3.0
Newborn hand with syndactyly by Dumplestilskin, Public Domain
Newman projection of gauche butane by Charlesy, Public domain
Newton's law of gravitation, two masses (vector version) by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Newton's law of universal gravitation by User:Dna-Dennis, CC BY 3.0
Newton's law of universal gravitation by User:Dna-Dennis, CC BY 3.0
Newton's third law force pair by Землеройкин, CC BY-SA 4.0
NH3 decomposition: zero order on tungsten vs first order on silica by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in brain reward circuitry by Alicia C. Wells and Shahrdad Lotfipour, CC BY 4.0
Nigrostriatal pathway (dopaminergic pathways diagram) by User:Slashme; Patrick J. Lynch; User:Fvasconcellos, CC BY-SA 4.0
Nitrile functional group by Hbf878, CC0
Nitro group as a meta director in EAS by Apcpca, Public Domain
NO₂/N₂O₄ ampoules at −196 °C to 50 °C by Eframgoldberg, CC BY-SA 3.0
Nondisjunction in maternal meiosis I leading to trisomy 21 by Willnpp11, CC BY-SA 4.0
Nondisjunction in meiosis I vs meiosis II by Sciencia58, CC0
Nonpolar covalent, polar covalent and ionic bonding by Robert Lancashire, UWI, CC BY-SA 3.0
Nonsense mutation by Genomics Education Programme, CC BY 2.0
Norepinephrine breakdown by MAO and COMT by Mikael Häggström, Public Domain
Norepinephrine pathway from the locus coeruleus (Blausen) by BruceBlaus, CC BY-SA 4.0
Norepinephrine pathway from the locus coeruleus (Blausen) by BruceBlaus, CC BY-SA 4.0
Normal ECG (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Normal electrocardiogram, labelled (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Normal modes of a string fixed at both ends (OpenStax University Physics) by OpenStax University Physics, CC BY 4.0
Normal PA chest radiograph by Mikael Häggström, CC0
Normal sinus rhythm ECG, labelled by Agateller (Anthony Atkielski); SVG by atom, Public domain
Normal vs mutated p53 (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Normal vs mutated p53 (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Northern blot procedure by Ilewieszoośmiornicach, CC BY-SA 4.0
Northern blot procedure by Ilewieszoośmiornicach, CC BY-SA 4.0
Northern fur seal bull and harem by M. Boylan (U.S. FHWA), Public domain
Nuclear binding energy per nucleon by Fastfission, Public domain
Nuclear binding energy per nucleon (with gridlines) by Mononomic (after Fastfission), Public domain
Nuclear envelope, pores and lamina by Coutinho HDM, Falcão-Silva VS, Gonçalves GF, da Nóbrega RB, CC BY 2.0
Nuclear fission chain reaction by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Nucleophilic acyl substitution mechanism by V8rik, Public domain
Nucleophilic acyl substitution: addition then elimination by Ckalnmals, CC BY-SA 3.0
Nucleoside vs nucleotide by Yikrazuul, CC BY-SA 3.0
Nucleotide excision repair of a thymine dimer (OpenStax Biology 2e) by A. Rao, S. Fletcher and A. Tag (Texas A&M University), OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
O2 MO diagram by TCReuter, CC BY-SA 4.0
O₂ molecular orbital diagram by Д.Ильин (vectorization of a diagram by Anthony.Sebastian), CC0
Object and its free-body diagram by Algarabia; derivative work: kismalac, Public Domain
Object between F and 2F of a convex lens by Kvr.lohith, CC BY-SA 4.0
Object between the focal point and optical centre of a convex lens by Kvr.lohith, CC BY-SA 4.0
Object beyond the centre of curvature (2F) of a convex lens by Kvr.lohith, CC BY-SA 4.0
Object on the centre of curvature (2F) of a convex lens by Kvr.lohith, CC BY-SA 4.0
Object on the focal point of a convex lens by Kvr.lohith, CC BY-SA 4.0
Object permanence by Ydolem2689, CC BY-SA 3.0
Object permanence: hidden blocks still exist by Ydolem2689, CC BY-SA 3.0
Octahedral coordination geometry by Jorge Adrián Serrano, CC0
Oil and water do not mix by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Oil and water separate into layers by Linda116, CC BY-SA 4.0
Okazaki fragments at the replication fork by Andi Schmitt, CC BY-SA 4.0
Old-age dependency ratio, Japan, United States, World, 1950-2023 by Our World in Data, CC BY 4.0
Oleic acid with carbons numbered by Jü, Public domain
Olfaction (OpenStax) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
One of Pavlov's dogs (Pavlov Museum) by Rklawton, CC BY-SA 3.0
Oogenesis and meiotic arrest points (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Open-tube manometer by Olivier Cleynen, CC0
Open-tube manometer by Olivier Cleynen, CC0
OpenStax Psychology Figure 10.2 by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
OpenStax Psychology Figure 10.22 by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
OpenStax Psychology Figure 11.10 by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
OpenStax Psychology Figure 11.15 by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
OpenStax Psychology Figure 11.6 by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
OpenStax Psychology Figure 14.10 by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
OpenStax Psychology Figure 14.11 by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
OpenStax Psychology Figure 14.3 by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
OpenStax Psychology Figure 14.4 by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
OpenStax Psychology Figure 14.8 by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
OpenStax Psychology Figure 16.13 by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
OpenStax Psychology Figure 3.14 by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
OpenStax Psychology Figure 4.17 by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
OpenStax Psychology Figure 5.14 by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
OpenStax Psychology Figure 8.18 by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
OpenStax Psychology Figure 8.4 by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
OpenStax Psychology Figure 8.7 by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
Operant conditioning: reinforcement and punishment by Curtis Neveu (source), Box73 (SVG recreation), CC BY 3.0
Opsonization by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Opsonization (OpenStax Microbiology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Optic nerve vs optic tract (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Orbital box diagrams for sp³, sp² and sp hybridization of carbon by Assaiki, CC BY-SA 4.0
Organ of Corti by Madhero88, CC BY-SA 3.0
Organization of a skeletal muscle fiber (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Original Yerkes–Dodson curves for simple vs difficult tasks by Diamond DM et al. (2007), Neural Plasticity (after Yerkes & Dodson 1908), CC0
Osmotic pressure in a U-tube (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Osmotic pressure in a U-tube (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Ovarian and uterine cycles with hormone levels (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Overview of meiosis by Rdbickel, CC BY-SA 4.0
Oxidation of a secondary alcohol to a ketone by LoomCreek, CC BY-SA 4.0
Oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA (OpenStax Biology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Oxidation of two thiols to a disulfide by Benjah-bmm27, Public Domain
Oxidation of two thiols to a disulfide by Benjah-bmm27, Public Domain
Oxyacid strength vs number of oxygens (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Oxygen requirements in thioglycolate tubes (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation, fetal vs adult (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Ozone resonance structures by Ben Mills, Public domain
P-value as a tail area under the null distribution by User:Repapetilto @ Wikipedia & User:Chen-Pan Liao @ Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0
P-value as a tail area under the null distribution by User:Repapetilto @ Wikipedia & User:Chen-Pan Liao @ Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0
Palmitic acid by BartVL71, CC BY-SA 3.0
Parallel-plate capacitor by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Parallel-plate capacitor (A and d) by inductiveload, Public domain
Parallel-plate capacitor with dielectric by Papa November, CC BY-SA 3.0
Parasympathetic vs sympathetic effects (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Parathyroid hormone in blood calcium homeostasis (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Parietal and chief cells by Mikael Häggström, CC0
Parkinson's disease: loss of substantia nigra pigment (Blausen) by BruceBlaus (Blausen.com staff), CC BY 3.0
Parkinson's disease: substantia nigra (Blausen) by BruceBlaus (Blausen Medical), CC BY 3.0
Partial pressures of the gases in air by Andrew Jarvis, CC BY-SA 4.0
Pascal's principle by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Path difference for constructive interference by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Path difference for constructive interference by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Path difference for destructive interference by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Path difference for destructive interference by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Pathways of the p53 protein by Thierry Soussi, Public domain
Pavlov's classical conditioning by Maxxl², CC BY-SA 4.0
Pavlovian conditioning: before, during and after (Figure 6.4) by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
PCC oxidation of a primary alcohol by Dr. Jörgi, Public domain
PCC oxidation of a secondary alcohol by Georginho, CC BY-SA 4.0
PCR cycle with step temperatures by Enzoklop, CC BY-SA 3.0
PCR cycles and exponential amplification by Enzoklop, CC BY-SA 4.0
Peacock displaying its tail by Adrian Pingstone, Public domain
Peacock displaying its tail by Adrian Pingstone, Public domain
Pendulum bob raised by height h by Krishnavedala, CC0
Penetrating ability of alpha, beta, neutron and gamma radiation by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Penetrating power of ionizing radiation (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Penetration of alpha, beta and gamma radiation by Stannered; derivative work: Ehamberg, CC BY 2.5
Pentose phosphate pathway by Pink Bee, CC BY-SA 4.0
PEP carboxykinase reaction by User:Innerstream, Public domain
PEP carboxykinase reaction: oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate by Innerstream, Public domain
Peptide bond formation by Yassine Mrabet, Public Domain
Peptide bond formation by dehydration (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Peptidoglycan structure (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Perceived speed by questioner's verb, Loftus & Palmer 1974 (Figure 8.13b) by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
Periodic table: metals, nonmetals and metalloids by Dmarcus100, CC BY-SA 4.0
PET scan of the brain with ¹⁸F-FDG by Jens Maus, Public domain
PFK-2 / FBPase-2: synthesis and breakdown of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate by Yikrazuul, Public domain
pH of an acetate buffer as NaOH is added (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Phagocytosis (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Phase diagram of carbon dioxide by Ben Finney / Mark Jacobs, CC0
Phase diagram of water by Cmglee; simplified by Manlleus, CC BY-SA 3.0
Phenolphthalein at pH 9 by Ben Mills, Public domain
Phenoxide anion resonance structures by Ben Mills, Public Domain
Phenoxide anion resonance structures by Ben Mills, Public Domain
Phenoxide resonance structures by Ben Mills, Public domain
Philadelphia chromosome t(9;22) BCR-ABL by Aryn89, CC BY-SA 4.0
Phineas Gage's skull: 3-D reconstruction and model with tamping-iron path by Kelley DJ, Farhoud M, Meyerand ME, Nelson DL, Ramirez LF et al., CC BY 2.5
Phineas Gage's skull: 3-D reconstruction and model with tamping-iron path by Kelley DJ, Farhoud M, Meyerand ME, Nelson DL, Ramirez LF et al., CC BY 2.5
Phosphatidic acid by PatríciaR, NEUROtiker, Public domain
Phospholipase C cleaves PIP2 into DAG and IP3 (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Phospholipase C cleaves PIP2 into DAG and IP3 (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Phospholipid structure (OpenStax) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Phosphorescent pigments in light, in the dark, and 4 minutes later by User:FK1954, CC0
Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) by Fvasconcellos, Public Domain
Phosphoric acid speciation vs pH by D. Ilyin (vectorization of Petergans' original), CC0
Photoelectric current vs light intensity by ഹരികൃഷ്ണൻ എം എം, CC BY-SA 4.0
Photoelectric effect in a solid by Ponor, CC BY-SA 4.0
Photoelectric effect in a solid by Ponor, CC BY-SA 4.0
Photoelectric effect: stopping voltage vs frequency for zinc by Ponor, CC BY-SA 4.0
Photoelectron kinetic energy versus light frequency by Björn Nordberg (Enfero), CC BY-SA 3.0
Phylogenetic tree of the three domains (Woese) by Eric Gaba, Cherkash (after NASA Astrobiology Institute), Public Domain
Pi bond formation by JoJan (original); Vladsinger (vector), CC BY-SA 3.0
Piaget's conservation of liquid by Ydolem2689, CC BY-SA 3.0
Pinocytosis (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
PIP2 cleavage to IP3 and DAG by Erik Korte (Eak435s), Public Domain
Pitot-static tube with manometer by Cmglee, CC BY-SA 4.0
Plane electromagnetic wave by user And1mu, CC BY-SA 4.0
Platelet development (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
PLC cleaves PIP2 into IP3 and DAG by Eak435s, Public Domain
Pluripotent (XBio illustration) by explorebiology, CC BY 4.0
Point mutations (NCI) by National Cancer Institute, Public domain
Polarimeter schematic by Kaidor, CC BY-SA 3.0
Polarized light through a polarizer (Malus's law) by Fresheneesz (original); Pbroks13 (redraw), CC BY-SA 2.5
Polyadenylation of pre-mRNA by Zephyris, CC BY-SA 3.0
Polymerase chain reaction cycle by Enzoklop, CC BY-SA 3.0
Polymerase chain reaction cycle by Madprime, CC BY-SA 3.0
Polysome by Christinelmiller, CC BY-SA 4.0
Population bottleneck by Mysid (from en.wikipedia), CC BY-SA 3.0
Population pyramid of Japan, 2018 (CIA World Factbook) by CIA World Factbook, Public domain
Population pyramid of Niger, 2016 (CIA World Factbook) by Central Intelligence Agency (CIA World Factbook), Public domain
Position of the pineal gland in the brain (Cancer Research UK) by Cancer Research UK, CC BY-SA 4.0
Position–time and velocity–time graphs by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Positive (converging) lens by DrBob, CC BY-SA 3.0
Positive (converging) lens by DrBob at English Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0
Positive Benedict's test (Cu₂O precipitate) by HunterRSC, CC0
Positron emission and electron–positron annihilation by Jens Maus (https://jens-maus.de/), Public domain
Potassium tert-butoxide by Su-no-G, Public domain
Potato spindle tuber viroid disease (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
PPV, NPV, sensitivity and specificity by Luigi Albert Maria (original), CC BY-SA 4.0
Pre-embryonic cleavage to blastocyst (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Pre-embryonic development: cleavage to blastocyst (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Pre-mRNA splicing to mRNA by Qef, Public domain
Pre-mRNA to mature mRNA by Editorzcj, CC BY-SA 4.0
Predicted ¹H NMR spectrum of benzene by DFS454, CC BY-SA 3.0
Prefrontal cortex (NIAAA) by Natalie M. Zahr & Edith V. Sullivan (NIAAA), Public domain
Prefrontal cortex, lateral view (Anatomography) by Database Center for Life Science (BodyParts3D/Anatomography), CC BY-SA 2.1 jp
Presbyopia by BruceBlaus, CC BY-SA 4.0
Pressure distribution on an immersed block by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Pressure increases with depth by Matt Cook, CC BY-SA 4.0
Pressure increases with depth by Matt Cook, CC BY-SA 4.0
Pressure on an immersed block increases with depth by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Primary alcohol from an ester via LiAlH₄ reduction by Pete Davis, Public Domain
Primary alcohol from an ester via LiAlH₄ reduction by Pete Davis, Public Domain
Primary alcohol from formaldehyde via a Grignard reagent by Pete Davis, Public Domain
Primary alcohol from formaldehyde via a Grignard reagent by Pete Davis, Public Domain
Primary and secondary antibody responses by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Primary and secondary antibody responses (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Primary structure of insulin (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Primary visual cortex (Brodmann area 17), medial view by Database Center for Life Science (DBCLS), BodyParts3D, CC BY-SA 2.1 jp
Prion conversion and spongiform brain tissue (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Prion propagation by tecywiz121 (English Wikipedia), Public domain
Prion propagation and spongiform brain (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Prisms with high and low dispersion by Peo, CC BY-SA 3.0
Proactive and retroactive interference by Aritter (English Wikibooks), CC BY-SA 3.0
Proactive and retroactive interference by Aritter at English Wikibooks, CC BY-SA 3.0
Process of isoelectric focusing by G8hernan, CC0
Process of protein denaturation by Scurran15, CC BY-SA 4.0
Projectile launch: velocity components by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Projectile trajectories for different launch angles by Cmglee, CC BY-SA 3.0
Projectile trajectory with g by Sharayanan, CC BY-SA 3.0
Projectile velocity components along the path by Ayush12gupta, CC BY-SA 4.0
Prokaryotic gene structure (operon) by Thomas Shafee, CC BY 4.0
Prolyl-4-hydroxylase reaction by Elrond, CC BY-SA 4.0
Prophase (eukaryotic mitosis) by LadyofHats (Mariana Ruiz), Public domain
Protein salting in and salting out by FrancescaD2020, CC BY-SA 4.0
Protein salting in and salting out by FrancescaD2020, CC BY-SA 4.0
Protein structure levels by Mariana Ruiz Villarreal (LadyofHats), Public Domain
Protein–SDS interaction by Fdardel, CC BY-SA 4.0
Protein–SDS interaction by Fdardel, CC BY-SA 4.0
Proton–proton chain in the Sun by Sarang, Public domain
Protostome vs deuterostome development by WYassineMrabet, CC BY-SA 3.0
Pry bar as a lever (OpenStax Physics) by Texas Education Agency (TEA), OpenStax Physics, CC BY 4.0
Psychometric function for a detection task by Meerpirat, CC BY-SA 4.0
pUC19 cloning vector map by Yikrazuul, CC0
Pulley systems by Prolineserver, Tomia (minor edits by Stanisław Skowron, scale adjusted by Atropos235), CC BY 2.5
Pulley systems: force vs distance by Prolineserver, Tomia (minor edits by Stanisław Skowron, scale adjusted by Atropos235), CC BY 2.5
Pulmonary and systemic circulation (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Purine by Wesalius, Public domain
Purine de novo and salvage synthesis (HPRT) by Rosa J. Torres and Juan G. Puig, CC BY 3.0
Pyridoxal phosphate by Fvasconcellos, Public Domain
Pyruvate carboxylase reaction: pyruvate to oxaloacetate by Innerstream, Public domain
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex reaction by Innerstream, Public Domain
Pyruvate to acetyl CoA and the Krebs cycle (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
qPCR amplification plot and Ct standard curve by Giovanna Mason, Paolo Provero, Anna Maria Vaira and Gian Paolo Accotto (BMC Biotechnology 2002), CC BY 2.0
R and S configuration by Vectorization: Adam Rędzikowski, Public domain
Rabies virus: envelope with glycoproteins (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Radical initiation of styrene polymerization by Chem538w10grp6, Public domain
Radiograph of the hand by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Railroad tracks converging by MikKBDFJKGeMalak, Public Domain
Random genetic drift simulations by Professor marginalia, CC BY-SA 3.0
Rats, mazes and cognitive maps (OpenStax Psychology) by Rose M. Spielman, PhD (OpenStax Psychology), CC BY 4.0
Ray diagram for a thin converging lens by Cmglee, CC BY-SA 4.0
Rayleigh scattering of sunlight by Robert A. Rohde; SVG by KES47, CC BY-SA 3.0
Rays reflected by a plane mirror by AnyFile, Public domain
Rb regulation of E2F (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
RC discharge curve by Ktims, Public domain
Reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Reabsorption of bicarbonate from the PCT (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Reaction coordinate diagram (SN2) by Chem540grp1f08, CC BY-SA 3.0
Reaction energy diagram with and without enzyme by Jerry Crimson Mann, Tutmosis and others, CC BY-SA 3.0
Reaction energy profile with and without a catalyst by Emma Ambrogi, CC BY-SA 4.0
Reaction quotient approaching K (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Reaction scheme of uncompetitive enzyme inhibition by Sponk, Public domain
Reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives by Ckalnmals, CC BY-SA 3.0
Receptor tyrosine kinase activation (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Receptor tyrosine kinase dimerization by Mehakk12, CC BY-SA 4.0
Receptor tyrosine kinase dimerization by Mehakk12, CC BY-SA 4.0
Receptor-mediated endocytosis (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Receptor-mediated endocytosis (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Recessive epistasis in Labrador coat colour by Vemosca, CC BY 4.0
Red blood cells in hypertonic, isotonic and hypotonic solutions by Mariana Ruiz Villarreal (LadyofHats), Public Domain
Redshift and blueshift by the Doppler effect by Aleš Tošovský, CC BY-SA 3.0
Reduction of an amide with LiAlH₄ by Innerstream, Public Domain
Refraction and total internal reflection by Lasse Havelund, CC BY-SA 3.0
Refraction explained by the Huygens–Fresnel principle by Arne Nordmann (norro), CC BY-SA 3.0
Refraction through layers of increasing refractive index by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Regioselective enolate formation from 2-methylcyclohexanone by Tomas Kindahl, Public domain
Relationships among ΔG°, K and E°cell by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Relative reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives by Minihaa, CC0
Renal corpuscle and juxtaglomerular apparatus by Shypoetess (derived from work by M. Komorniczak), CC BY-SA 4.0
Renal corpuscle structure by Shypoetess (after M. Komorniczak), CC BY-SA 4.0
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system by Soupvector, CC BY-SA 4.0
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Replication fork with primers and Okazaki fragments by Andi schmitt, CC BY-SA 4.0
Research design and evidence hierarchy by CFCF, CC BY-SA 4.0
Resistive voltage divider by Krishnavedala, CC0
Resistor length and cross-sectional area by Omegatron; derivative work: Steen919, CC BY-SA 3.0
Resistor voltage (current) while an RC circuit charges by Ktims, Public domain
Resistors in parallel by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Resistors in parallel by Omegatron, CC BY-SA 3.0
Resonance in a tube closed at one end (OpenStax University Physics) by OpenStax University Physics, CC BY 4.0
Resonance of the peptide bond by Akane700, Public Domain
Resonance stabilization of carboxylate by Rifleman 82 (original); D. Ilyin (vectorization), Public domain
Resonance structures of phenoxide by Choij, Public domain
Resonance structures of the allyl cation by ChemSim, Public domain
Respiratory regulation of blood pH (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Response patterns of the four reinforcement schedules (Figure 6.13) by OpenStax, Psychology, CC BY 4.0
Responses to low blood pressure (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Restriction fragment length polymorphism by Kenneth.jh.han, CC BY-SA 3.0
Retina layers by Peter Hartmann; edited by Marc Gabriel Schmid; SVG by Юкатан, CC BY-SA 3.0
Reverse transcription (XBio illustration) by explorebiology, CC BY 4.0
Reverse-phase gradient elution by Nategm, CC BY-SA 4.0
Reversible competitive antagonist shifts the curve right by Arthurfragoso, CC0
Reynolds' dye-streak experiment (1883) by Osborne Reynolds, Public domain
Rhodopsin in rod outer-segment discs (XBio) by explorebiology, CC BY 4.0
Ribosome translating mRNA by Mariana Ruiz Villarreal (LadyofHats), Public Domain
Ribosome translating mRNA by LadyofHats, Public domain
Right kidney seen on abdominal ultrasound by Ptrump16, CC BY-SA 4.0
Right-hand rule for a straight current-carrying wire by Jfmelero, CC BY-SA 4.0
Right-hand rule for F = qv x B by Sepitropova, CC BY-SA 4.0
Right-hand rule for magnetic force (OpenStax College Physics) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Right-hand rule for magnetic force (OpenStax College Physics) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Right-hand rule for the magnetic force on a moving charge by Sepitropova, CC BY-SA 4.0
RNA interference by siRNA by Robinson R (PLoS Biology), CC BY 2.5
RNA virus genome replication (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Rods and cones (OpenStax) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Roller coaster losing height h by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Rubin vase (figure–ground) by Ian Remsen, CC0
Ruffini corpuscle in the dermis (Blausen) by BruceBlaus, CC BY 3.0
s, p and d orbitals for n = 1–3 by Geek3, CC BY-SA 4.0
SA node pacemaker potential (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Sample desalting by gel filtration by Potcherboy, CC BY-SA 3.0
Sandwich ELISA steps by Jeffrey M. Vinocur, CC BY 2.5
Sanger chain-termination sequencing by Estevezj, CC BY-SA 3.0
Saponification general scheme by V8rik, CC BY-SA 3.0
Saponification of a triacylglycerol with NaOH by Leijonhufvud, CC BY-SA 3.0
Saponification of a triglyceride with KOH by Jü, CC0
Sarcomere relaxed vs contracted (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Sarcomere structure by David Richfield (User:Slashme), CC BY-SA 3.0
Saturated fatty acid synthesis by Hbf878 (after Bochyboch), CC0
Saturated vs cis and trans unsaturated fatty acids (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax (Rice University), CC BY 4.0
Schachter–Singer two-factor theory and Lazarus appraisal theory by U3155259, CC BY-SA 4.0
Schematic of an action potential by Chris 73, Diberri, tiZom, CC BY-SA 3.0
Schlieren image of a .223 projectile's bow shock wave by Nathan Boor, CC BY 4.0
Scorbutic gums (CDC) by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Domain
SDS-PAGE of red blood cell membrane proteins by Ernst Hempelmann, Public Domain
Secondary active transport (Na+-coupled symport) by Mariana Ruiz Villarreal (LadyofHats), Public Domain
Secondary alcohol from an aldehyde via a Grignard reagent by Pete Davis, Public Domain
Secondary alcohol from an aldehyde via a Grignard reagent by Pete Davis, Public Domain
Selective KMnO₄ oxidation of a primary alcohol by Gabriel Tojo, CC BY 2.5
Selenocysteine structure by Clavecin, CC BY-SA 4.0
Seligman's shuttle box (OpenStax Psychology Fig. 14.22) by Rose M. Spielman et al., OpenStax Psychology, CC BY 4.0
Seligman's shuttle box (OpenStax Psychology) by Rose M. Spielman, PhD (OpenStax Psychology), CC BY 4.0
Sensitivity and specificity diagram by Walber, FeanDoe, CC BY-SA 4.0
Separatory funnel with two immiscible layers by Borb, CC BY-SA 3.0
Separatory funnel with two immiscible layers by PRHaney, CC BY-SA 3.0
Serial position curve by Obli, CC BY-SA 3.0
Serotonergic system arising from the raphe nuclei by Patrick J. Lynch; DO11.10; Fvasco, CC BY 2.5
Serotonin nerve pathways in the brain (NIDA) by National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), Public domain
Serotonin pathway from the raphe nuclei (Blausen) by BruceBlaus, CC BY-SA 4.0
Shapes of s and p orbitals by Sven (User:Sven), CC BY-SA 3.0
Shapes of the s, p, d and f orbitals by haade, CC BY-SA 3.0
Short tandem repeat (STR) analysis by Roberta Sitnik et al. (adapted on Commons), CC BY 4.0
Sickle cell blood smear by Keith Chambers, CC BY-SA 3.0
Sickle-cell point mutation in β-globin by Thomas Samuel for ACC-BioinnovationLab, CC BY-SA 4.0
Sigma and pi orbital overlap by Tem5psu, CC BY-SA 3.0
Signal-detection distributions with a decision criterion by Masato8686819, CC BY-SA 4.0
Silver chloride precipitate by Luisbrudna, CC BY-SA 4.0
Silver chloride precipitate by Luisbrudna, CC BY-SA 4.0
Silver mirror from a positive Tollens' test by Tmv23, CC BY-SA 3.0
Simple columnar epithelium with goblet cells (micrograph) by Berkshire Community College Bioscience Image Library, CC0
Simple distillation apparatus by Fadingblitz, CC0
Simple distillation apparatus (labelled) by Fadingblitz, CC0
Simple gravity pendulum by Chetvorno, Public domain
Simple harmonic motion: x, v and a by Yapparina, CC0
Simple random sampling by Dan Kernler, CC BY-SA 4.0
Simplified hematopoiesis by A. Rad and Mikael Häggström, CC BY-SA 3.0
Simplified hematopoiesis by A. Rad and Mikael Häggström, CC BY-SA 3.0
Single slit diffraction, first minimum by jkrieger, CC BY-SA 3.0
Single-slit diffraction for different slit widths by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Single-slit diffraction graph by Nmurdoch, Public domain
Single-slit diffraction pattern by Nmurdoch, Public domain
Single-slit diffraction: first minimum by jkrieger, CC BY-SA 3.0
Size-exclusion (gel-filtration) chromatography by Potcherboy, CC BY-SA 3.0
Size-exclusion calibration with protein standards by TimVickers, Public domain
Size-exclusion chromatography principle by Takometer (English Wikipedia), CC BY 2.5
Size-exclusion chromatography principle by Takometer (English Wikipedia), CC BY 2.5
Skeletal muscle fibre (Blausen 0801) by BruceBlaus (Blausen Medical), CC BY 3.0
Skeletal muscle pump and venous valves (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 4.0
Skin mechanoreceptors by Thomas.haslwanter, CC BY-SA 4.0
Skinner box (operant chamber) by AndreasJS (original), Pixelsquid (vector), CC BY-SA 3.0
Skinner box (operant conditioning chamber) by AndreasJS (original); Pixelsquid (vector), CC BY-SA 3.0
Skydiver reaching terminal velocity by Spikeylegs, CC BY-SA 4.0
Skydiver velocity vs time by Spikeylegs, CC BY-SA 4.0
Sleep hypnogram by RazerM, CC BY-SA 3.0
Sliding clamp (PCNA) around DNA by Boghog, Public Domain
Sliding filament model (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Smooth muscle tissue (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Smooth vs skeletal muscle contraction by Alan Sved, CC BY-SA 4.0
SN1 reaction arrow-pushing by Pillsmarch, CC BY 4.0
SN1 reaction mechanism by Chemicalbonding, CC0
SN1 solvolysis of a tertiary benzylic chloride by DMacks, Public domain
SN2 mechanism with inversion of configuration by DNL.Lawliet, CC BY-SA 4.0
SN2 mechanism with inversion of stereochemistry by DNL.Lawliet, CC BY-SA 4.0
SN2 reaction with backside attack by Pillsmarch, CC BY 4.0
SN2 Walden inversion example by Pillsmarch, CC BY 4.0
SN2 Walden inversion example by Pillsmarch, CC BY 4.0
Snell's law by Cristan; Sawims, Public domain
Snell's law diagram by Oleg Alexandrov, Public domain
Snell's law of refraction by Cristan; Sawims, Public domain
Social determinants of health by Skbanergt, CC BY-SA 4.0
Social network diagram: individuals (nodes) joined by ties by Wykis, Public domain
Sodium-potassium pump (OpenStax) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Sodium-potassium pump cycle (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Sonar principle (pulse-echo ranging) by Georg Wiora (Dr. Schorsch), CC BY-SA 3.0
Sound wave from a loudspeaker: compressions and rarefactions by OpenStax University Physics, CC BY 4.0
Sound waves spreading from a tuning fork by OpenStax University Physics, CC BY 4.0
Specialized transduction (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Specular and diffuse reflection by Ant Beck, CC BY 3.0
Speed distributions of four gases at 20 °C by Kadykianus, CC BY-SA 4.0
Sperm penetration of the oocyte (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Spermatogenesis (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Spermatogenesis (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Spherical mirror geometry: object and image distances by Grawiton, CC BY-SA 4.0
Spherical s orbital by Joanna Kośmider, Public domain
Sphingomyelin by NEUROtiker, Public Domain
Sphingomyelin by NEUROtiker, Public domain
Sphingosine by Ed, Public Domain
Spina bifida (open defect) (CDC) by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Domain
Spina bifida (open defect) (CDC) by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public domain
Spirometry and respiratory volumes (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Spongy bone (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Spring elongation and restoring force by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Spun hematocrit (packed cell volume) by RWhitwam, CC BY-SA 4.0
Stabilizing and disruptive selection by Bioanthropologist1, CC BY-SA 4.0
Stage 2 sleep: K-complex and sleep spindle by Neocadre; original uploader Ijusta, Public domain
Stage N2 sleep EEG: K-complex and sleep spindle by Neocadre (original), Ijustam (derivative), Public Domain
Stages of biofilm formation by Khushairi Amri Kasim, CC BY-SA 4.0
Stages of social movements by Wykis (Wikimedia Commons), adapted from Blumer, Mauss and Tilly, Public domain
Standard deviation diagram (normal distribution) by M. W. Toews, CC BY 2.5
Standard hydrogen electrode by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Standing wave on a string fixed at both ends by Vegar Ottesen, CC BY-SA 3.0
Standing wave snapshots (OpenStax University Physics) by OpenStax University Physics, CC BY 4.0
Standing waves and resonance by HinnevdZant, CC BY-SA 4.0
Standing waves in a pipe closed at one end by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Standing waves in a pipe closed at one end by Commator, CC BY-SA 4.0
Standing waves in a pipe open at both ends by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Standing waves in a tube closed at one end (OpenStax University Physics) by OpenStax University Physics, CC BY 4.0
Standing waves in a tube open at both ends (OpenStax University Physics) by OpenStax University Physics, CC BY 4.0
Standing waves in a tube open at both ends (OpenStax University Physics) by OpenStax University Physics, CC BY 4.0
Standing waves on a string by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Starch, glycogen and cellulose (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Statistical power: alpha, beta and 1 − beta by Vkulikov, CC BY-SA 3.0
Steam distillation apparatus by Joanna Kośmider, Public domain
Steam distillation apparatus by Joanna Kośmider, Public Domain
Stem cell (XBio illustration) by explorebiology, CC BY 4.0
Steps of clotting and the coagulation cascade (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Stereotype threat and test performance (after Osborne 2007) by Sonicyouth86, CC BY-SA 3.0
Stereotype threat and test performance (after Osborne 2007) by Sonicyouth86, CC BY-SA 3.0
Stern-Gerlach experiment by Theresa Knott from en.wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0
Stern–Gerlach experiment by Theresa Knott from en.wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0
Steroid nucleus (rings A–D) by NEUROtiker, Public domain
Stevens' power law exponents by Roger Lew, CC BY-SA 3.0
Stratified sampling diagram by Dan Kernler, CC BY-SA 4.0
Stratified sampling diagram by Dan Kernler, CC BY-SA 4.0
Stress response: HPA axis and adrenal medulla by Campos-Rodríguez R, Godínez-Victoria M, Abarca-Rojano E, Pacheco-Yépez J, Reyna-Garfias H, Barbosa-Cabrera RE, Drago-Serrano ME, CC BY 3.0
Strobe photo of a blocked pendulum by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Stroop task comparison by Belbury, Public Domain
Structural changes in necrosis vs apoptosis (NIAAA) by National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Public domain
Structure determination by X-ray crystallography by Thomas Splettstoesser (www.scistyle.com), CC BY-SA 3.0
Structure of a skeletal muscle (NCI SEER) by SEER Training Modules, U.S. National Cancer Institute, Public domain
Structure of glycine by NEUROtiker, Public Domain
Structure of L-histidine by NEUROtiker, Public Domain
Structure of L-lysine by NEUROtiker, Public Domain
Structure of L-proline by NEUROtiker, Public Domain
Structure of L-tryptophan by NEUROtiker, Public Domain
Structure of L-tyrosine by NEUROtiker, Public Domain
Structure of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) by Fvasconcellos, Public Domain
Structure of the mRNA 5' cap by Naturwiki, CC BY-SA 4.0
Structure of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) by Hbf878, CC0
Structures of the ear (OpenStax) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Structures of the respiratory zone (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Sublimation apparatus (cold finger) by Quantockgoblin (PNG); Slashme (SVG), Public Domain
Substrate-level phosphorylation by pyruvate kinase by Lisawerner9, CC BY-SA 4.0
Substrate-level phosphorylation by pyruvate kinase (OpenStax Microbiology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Sulfur hexafluoride geometry with bond angle by D. Ilyin (vectorization of Benjah-bmm27's original), CC0
Sulfur tetrafluoride (see-saw) geometry by D. Ilyin (vectorization of Benjah-bmm27's original), Public domain
Supercoiling ahead of a replication fork by Kcneuman, CC BY-SA 4.0
Superposition of two waves (OpenStax University Physics) by OpenStax University Physics, CC BY 4.0
Surface tension in water droplets by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Surface tension: forces between water molecules by Drpaulineneveu, CC BY-SA 4.0
Sympathetic connections from the spinal cord (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Symptoms of Cushing's syndrome by Mikael Häggström, CC0
Synovial joint (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Synthesis of thyroid hormones by Mikael Häggström, CC0
Synthesis of vitamin D (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
Systemic blood pressure along the circulation (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
T and B cell binding (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
T-tubules and sarcoplasmic reticulum (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Tactile receptors in the skin (Blausen) by BruceBlaus (Blausen.com staff), CC BY 3.0
TATA box and transcription initiation by Luttysar, CC BY-SA 4.0
Telomerase extending a chromosome end (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Telomerase extends chromosome ends (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Telomerase with its RNA template by Sierra Sciences, LLC, CC BY 3.0
Telomeres lit up at chromosome ends (FISH) by U.S. Department of Energy Human Genome Program, Public domain
Temporal lobe, lateral view (Anatomography) by Anatomography (Life Science Databases), CC BY-SA 2.1 jp
Temporal summation of EPSPs by Laurens R. Krol, CC0
Temporary dipoles in London dispersion forces by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Temporary dipoles in London dispersion forces by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
tert-Butylcyclohexane: equatorial vs axial by Calvero, Public domain
Tetrahedral coordination geometry by Jorge Adrián Serrano, CC0
Tetrahedral geometry with 109.5 degree angle by Benjah-bmm27, Public domain
Tetramethylsilane (TMS) by Jü, Public domain
Texture gradient (ovals) by FriedeWie, CC0
Thalamus (Anatomography) by Anatomography (Life Science Databases), CC BY-SA 2.1 jp
The autonomic nervous system (sympathetic vs parasympathetic effects) by Sciencia58, CC0
The brainstem (Blausen) by BruceBlaus (Blausen Medical), CC BY 3.0
The demographic transition in Sweden, 1749-2010 by Our World in Data, CC BY 4.0
The diencephalon (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
The electron transport chain (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
The five antibody classes (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
The five d orbitals by Sven (User:Sven), CC BY-SA 3.0
The five stages of the demographic transition by Max Roser, CC BY 4.0
The forgetting curve by Icez, Public Domain
The Health Belief Model by Fanwang0912, CC BY-SA 4.0
The lac operon and its control elements by G3pro; derivative work by Tereseik, CC BY 2.0
The lac operon and its control elements by G3pro; derivative work: Tereseik, CC BY 2.0
The limbic lobe (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
The looking-glass self by Rcragun, CC BY 3.0
The looking-glass self by Rcragun, CC BY 3.0
The metastatic cascade by Imodoye SO, Adedokun KA, Muhammed AO, et al., CC BY 4.0
The OCD cycle by M.Bitton, CC BY-SA 4.0
The pancreas and a pancreatic islet (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
The posterior pituitary complex (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
The posterior pituitary complex (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
The stages of the demographic transition by Ryan Cragun, Public domain
The stages of the demographic transition by Ryan Cragun, Public domain
The test cross (OpenStax Biology) by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
The three p orbitals (px, py, pz) by CK-12 Foundation, CC BY-SA 3.0
The thyroid gland and thyroid follicle cells (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
The tongue (OpenStax) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
The vestibular system: semicircular canals and otolith organs (NASA) by NASA, Public domain
Theory of planned behavior by U3236610 Allana, CC BY-SA 4.0
Theory of planned behaviour by U3236610 Allana, CC BY-SA 4.0
Theory of planned behaviour by Robert Orzanna, CC BY-SA 4.0
Theory of reasoned action by Stevienicks22, CC BY-SA 4.0
Thermogenesis in brown adipocytes by chris (derivative work: Burkhard), Public domain
Thiamine pyrophosphate (chloride) by Hbf878, CC0
Thick and thin filaments (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Thin-film interference colours on a soap bubble by Pksois23, CC BY-SA 4.0
Thin-film interference on a soap bubble by Pksois23, CC BY-SA 4.0
Thorndike's original puzzle box (Animal Intelligence, 1898) by E.J. Thorndike, Public domain
Three forms of endocytosis (OpenStax) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Three proposed models of DNA replication by Adenosine (English Wikipedia), CC BY-SA 2.5
Three resistors in parallel by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Three types of natural selection by Azcolvin429, CC BY-SA 3.0
Thymidylate synthase reaction by Yikrazuul, Public Domain
Thymine dimer formation by UV light by Steffen 962, Public Domain
Thymine dimer formation induced by UV by Steffen 962, Public domain
Thymus location and histology (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Thyroid system (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Tight junction (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology, CC BY-SA 4.0
Tight junctions and epithelial transport routes by BallenaBlanca, CC BY-SA 4.0
Titration curve of HCl with NaOH by C299792458, CC BY 3.0
Titration curves with indicator colour-change ranges by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Titration of a weak acid with a strong base by Quantumkinetics, CC BY 3.0
Titration of H3PO4 with NaOH by C299792458, CC BY 3.0
TLC plate under 254 nm UV lamp by Minciw20, CC0
TLC Rf value by Ultrabem, CC BY-SA 4.0
Toll-like receptors and the microbial molecules they recognise by BQUB1819-MBallve, CC BY-SA 4.0
Tolman's rats and cognitive maps (OpenStax Psychology) by Rose M. Spielman, PhD (OpenStax Psychology), CC BY 4.0
Torque and force components by Svjo, CC BY-SA 4.0
Torque formulas: lever arm or perpendicular force by Guy vandegrift and Jeffrey W. Schnick, CC BY-SA 2.5
Torque: lever arm and perpendicular force by Guy Vandegrift and Jeffrey W. Schnick, CC BY-SA 2.5
Torricelli mercury barometer by Д.Ильин (vectorization of HgBarometer.gif by Karl Hahn), CC0
Torricelli's law by LimoWreck (original TorricellisLaw.svg); derivative work: MikeRun, CC BY 2.5
Torricelli's law: outflow from a tank by LimoWreck (original TorricellisLaw.svg); derivative work: MikeRun, CC BY 2.5
Total fertility rate by country by Korakys, CC BY-SA 4.0
Transactional model of stress and coping (Lazarus) by Philipp Guttmann, CC BY-SA 4.0
Transamination: alanine + α-ketoglutarate by Tomas Drab, Public domain
Transformation, transduction and conjugation (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Transitional epithelium of the bladder by Echinaceapallida, CC BY-SA 4.0
Translation initiation and elongation by Jordan Nguyen, CC BY-SA 4.0
Translation: initiation, elongation and termination at the ribosome by LadyofHats, Public domain
Transmission electron micrographs of viruses (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Transposon structure and transposition (OpenStax Microbiology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Transtheoretical model cycle by Jennamag, CC BY-SA 4.0
Transtheoretical model: stages of change by Toddatkins, CC0
Transverse wave: vibration perpendicular to travel by Pearson Scott Foresman, Public domain
Triacylglycerol formation from glycerol and fatty acids (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax (Rice University), CC BY 4.0
Triadic reciprocal causation (reciprocal determinism) by IsabelGue, CC BY-SA 4.0
Trigonal bipyramidal geometry with axial and equatorial positions by H Padleckas, modifying an image by Benjah-bmm27, Public domain
Trigonal planar geometry with 120 degree angle by Riccardo Rovinetti, CC BY-SA 3.0
Trimethylamine, pyramidal nitrogen by Smokefoot, CC BY 4.0
Trisomy from nondisjunction in maternal meiosis I by Wpeissner, CC BY-SA 3.0
tRNA cloverleaf (yeast tRNA-Phe) by Yikrazuul, CC BY-SA 3.0
Tryptophan metabolism to serotonin and melatonin by Krishnavedala, Public Domain
Tuberoinfundibular pathway (dopaminergic pathways diagram) by User:Slashme; Patrick J. Lynch; User:Fvasconcellos, CC BY-SA 4.0
Two different paths, same displacement by Math buff, Shawn Eastwood, Public domain
Two resistors in series by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Two viewpoints, two different images (parallax) by Sarang, Public domain
Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis by National Institutes of Health, Public domain
Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (NIH) by National Institutes of Health (Center for Cancer Research Nanobiology Program), Public Domain
Two-hit hypothesis (NHGRI) by National Human Genome Research Institute, Public Domain
Two-point discrimination thresholds on different body regions (House & Pansky, 1960) by Earl Lawrence House and Ben Pansky, Public domain
Two-slit diffraction by Peo~commonswiki, CC BY-SA 3.0
Two-slit experiment with light by inductiveload, Public domain
Type III hypersensitivity by CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Types of cartilage (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Types of electric current by Zureks, Public domain
Types of lenses by ElfQrin, CC BY-SA 3.0
Types of muscle contraction (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Types of point mutations by Jonsta247, CC BY-SA 4.0
Types of stability by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Types of synovial joints (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Typical prokaryotic cell by Mariana Ruiz Villarreal (LadyofHats), Public Domain
Ubiquitination cascade (E1, E2, E3) by Rogerdodd (English Wikipedia), vectorised by YassineMrabet, CC BY-SA 3.0
UDP-glucose by Yikrazuul (talk), Public domain
Uncoiled cochlea with basilar membrane by Kern A, Heid C, Steeb W-H, Stoop N, Stoop R, CC BY 2.5
Uncoiled cochlea with basilar-membrane frequency map by Kern A, Heid C, Steeb W-H, Stoop N, Stoop R, CC BY 2.5
Uncoupling: protons bypass ATP synthase and the energy is released as heat by Paul G. Crichton, Yang Lee, Edmund R.S. Kunji, CC BY-SA 4.0
Uniform circular motion with ω by Original by User:Brews_ohare, SVGed by User:Sjlegg, CC BY-SA 3.0
Uniform field between charged plates by Sjlegg, Public domain
Uniform field between parallel plates by Sjlegg, Public domain
Uniporter, symporter and antiporter by Connectivid-D, CC BY-SA 4.0
United States population pyramid (2024) by Central Intelligence Agency (CIA World Factbook); data U.S. Census Bureau International Database, Public domain
Unstable, neutral and stable equilibrium by GreenMeansGo, CC BY-SA 4.0
Uranium-238 decay series (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Urea cycle by Pk0001, CC BY-SA 4.0
Using resonance to break a wine glass by Acs272, CC BY-SA 4.0
V(D)J recombination of the heavy-chain locus by gustavocarra, after Ciar, Public domain
Vacuum filtration set-up by Benjah-bmm27, Public domain
Vacuum filtration with a Buchner funnel by Benjah-bmm27, Public Domain
Vapor pressure at a liquid surface by HellTchi, CC BY-SA 3.0
Vapor pressure vs temperature for several liquids by Cmglee, Mbeychok, CC BY-SA 3.0
Vector addition, tip to tail by Nermer314, CC0
Vector components with unit vectors by Guy vandegrift, CC BY-SA 4.0
Velocity and acceleration in circular motion by Feeb denroc at English Wikipedia, Public domain
Velocity components along a projectile's path by Ayush12gupta, CC BY-SA 4.0
Velocity profiles in pipe flow by Olivier Cleynen, CC0
Velocity vs. time graph by Titoxd (original), Stannered (vector), CC BY-SA 3.0
Velocity–time graph and acceleration by Faulty fractal, CC BY 4.0
Ventral and dorsal visual streams by Selket, CC BY-SA 3.0
Ventricular myocyte action potential phases by Quasar (PNG); Mnokel (SVG), CC BY-SA 3.0
Ventromedial prefrontal cortex by finereach, derived from Patrick J. Lynch, medical illustrator, CC BY 3.0
Venturi effect by HappyApple, Public domain
Venturi meter by Gringotumadre, Public domain
Venturi tube by HappyApple, Public domain
Venturi tube by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Venturi tube pressure columns by HappyApple, CC0
Vessel diameter, area, pressure and velocity (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 3.0
Vestigial pelvis in a whale skeleton by Andrew Z. Colvin, CC BY-SA 3.0
Villi and microvilli of the small intestine by BallenaBlanca, CC BY-SA 4.0
Virtual images from a diverging lens and a convex mirror by Krishnavedala, CC0
Virus binding host-cell receptors (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Visible light spectrum by Fulvio314, CC BY-SA 4.0
Visible spectrum, 400-700 nm by Bech, CC BY-SA 4.0
Vitamin D synthesis and metabolism pathway by Chris Evelo, Lucia Ribeiro, Kristina Hanspers, Alex Pico et al. (WikiPathways WP1531), CC0
Volley principle of hearing by Rachel Candace Law, CC BY-SA 3.0
Volley principle of hearing by Rachel Candace Law, CC BY-SA 3.0
Water geometry with bond angle by Ben Mills, Public domain
Water molecule bond dipoles and net dipole moment by Arcturus10, CC BY-SA 4.0
Wave characteristics by Krishnavedala, CC0
Wave characteristics by Krishnavedala, CC0
Wave diffraction through a slit by Dicklyon, Public domain
Wave summation and tetanus (OpenStax A&P) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
Wavefronts at Mach < 1, = 1 and > 1 by F l a n k e r, Public domain
Wavefronts below, at and above the speed of sound by Zykure, CC BY-SA 3.0
Wavelength of a wave (NASA) by NASA and STScI, Public domain
Wavelength shortens in a medium of index n by MikeRun, CC BY-SA 4.0
Waves emitted by a moving source (Doppler effect) by Pbroks13, Public domain
Weber-Fechner law demonstration (circles) by MrPomidor, CC BY-SA 4.0
Weber–Fechner law demonstration (dots) by MrPomidor; vectorized by Д.Ильин, CC0
Weber's law dot demonstration by MrPomidor; vectorized by Д.Ильин, CC0
Western blotting workflow by Biochemlife, CC BY-SA 4.0
Western blotting workflow by Biochemlife, CC BY-SA 4.0
White light dispersed by a triangular prism by Astroskiandhike, CC BY-SA 4.0
Whole-body bone scan by James Heilman, MD, CC BY-SA 4.0
Wiggers diagram by adh30, DanielChangMD and DestinyQx, CC BY-SA 4.0
Wolff-Kishner reduction by C kleinlein, CC BY-SA 3.0
Wolff-Kishner reduction scheme by ~K, Public Domain
Wolff–Kishner reduction scheme by ~K, Public Domain
Women's educational attainment vs. fertility rate by Our World in Data, CC BY 4.0
Work of an isothermal transformation by Andrew Jarvis, CC BY-SA 4.0
World-system map: core, semi-periphery and periphery (after Dunn, Kawana & Brewer 2000) by Vladusty, CC0
X-linked recessive inheritance (affected father) by SUM1, after Domaina and Kashmiri, CC BY-SA 4.0
X-linked recessive inheritance (carrier mother) by Domaina, Kashmiri and SUM1; derivative work: SUM1, CC BY-SA 4.0
X-linked recessive inheritance (carrier mother) by SUM1, after Domaina and Kashmiri, CC BY-SA 4.0
X-linked recessive inheritance (OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology) by OpenStax College, CC BY 3.0
X-linked recessive pedigree by Hydra2114, CC BY-SA 4.0
X-ray crystallography by explorebiology, CC BY 4.0
Yerkes–Dodson curve (Hebbian version) by Diamond DM et al. (2007), after Yerkes & Dodson (1908), CC0
Yerkes–Dodson curve (Hebbian version) by Diamond DM et al. (2007), Neural Plasticity (after Yerkes & Dodson 1908), CC0
Young's double-slit experiment by inductiveload, Public domain
Zero-order decay: concentration falls linearly by Flanker (ru.wikipedia), Public domain
Zidovudine (AZT) structure by Fvasconcellos, Public domain
Zinc finger motif (PDB 1A1L) by Thomas Splettstoesser (www.scistyle.com), CC BY-SA 4.0
Zinc metal in copper(II) sulfate solution by Luyao, CC BY-SA 4.0
Zinc–copper galvanic cell by Original: Ohiostandard Vector: AntiCompositeNumber, CC BY-SA 4.0
Zone of proximal development by Dcoetzee, CC0
Zone of proximal development by Dcoetzee, CC0
Zone of proximal development (horizontal, by task difficulty) by Blacktc, CC BY 4.0
Zymogen activation by סתו כסלו, CC BY-SA 4.0
α-D-glucopyranose (chair) by Yikrazuul, Public domain
β-adrenergic receptor–cAMP signalling (OpenStax Biology) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
β-D-glucopyranose (chair) by Yikrazuul, Public domain
β-Keto acid decarboxylation mechanism by Johannes Rössel, Public Domain
β⁻ decay: neutron → proton + electron + antineutrino by Rderdwien, CC0
ΔG vs temperature for the four ΔH/ΔS sign cases (OpenStax Chemistry) by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0